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Tin medal affected by tin pest. Tin pest is an autocatalytic, allotropic transformation of the element tin, which causes deterioration of tin objects at low temperatures. Tin pest has also been called tin disease, [1] tin blight, tin plague, [2] or tin leprosy. [3] It is an autocatalytic process, accelerating once it begins.
The term "white tin" was historically associated with tin mining in Devon and Cornwall where it was smelted from black tin in blowing houses. White tin may also refer specifically to β-tin , the metallic allotrope of the pure element, as opposed to the nonmetallic allotrope α-tin (also known as gray tin), which occurs at temperatures below 13 ...
Tin forms several inter-metallic phases with lithium metal, making it a potentially attractive material for battery applications. Large volumetric expansion of tin upon alloying with lithium and instability of the tin-organic electrolyte interface at low electrochemical potentials are the greatest challenges to employment in commercial cells. [128]
Granulated Etruscan earring, 4th century B.C. Granulation is a jewellery manufacturing technique whereby a surface is covered in spherules or granules of precious metal. The technique is thought to have its origins in Sumer about 5,000 years ago.
Bars and ingots of Babbitt metal. Tin-lead and tin-copper alloys such as Babbitt metal [2] have a low melting point, which is ideal for use as solder, but these alloys also have ideal characteristics for plain bearings. Most importantly for bearings, the material should be hard and wear-resistant and have a low coefficient of friction.
Diamond and graphite are two allotropes of carbon: pure forms of the same element that differ in crystalline structure.. Allotropy or allotropism (from Ancient Greek ἄλλος (allos) 'other' and τρόπος (tropos) 'manner, form') is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of the elements.
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These allotropes are known as the amorphous and the crystalline allotropes. The amorphous allotrope is a brown powder. The crystalline allotrope is gray and has a metallic luster. [16] Tin has two allotropes: α-tin, also known as gray tin, and β-tin. Tin is typically found in the β-tin form, a silvery metal.