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Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels. Most of this pressure results from the heart pumping blood through the circulatory system. When used without qualification, the term "blood pressure" refers to the pressure in a brachial artery, where it is most commonly measured.
When the artery proximal to the fistula is compressed, blood is no longer shunted and the peripheral vascular resistance is increased suddenly. This causes relative hypertension within one or two heartbeats. [5] Bradycardia soon follows due to the activation of the baroreceptors in the left ventricle (the Bezold–Jarisch reflex [5]).
Blood pressure is recorded as two readings: a higher systolic pressure, which occurs during the maximal contraction of the heart, and the lower diastolic or resting pressure. [11] In adults, a normal blood pressure is 120/80, with 120 being the systolic and 80 being the diastolic reading. [12] Usually, the blood pressure is read from the left ...
Different arm positions change blood pressure readings. For their study, researchers looked at 133 adults between the ages of 18 and 80. The average age was 57.
“When the arm is either in the lap or at the side, the blood vessels in the arm are at a greater vertical distance from the heart. Gravity increases the pressure in these blood vessels.
For example, if a person’s actual blood pressure is 134, and blood pressure is measured on a dangling arm, the reading could end up over 140, which is considered to be stage 2 hypertension.
Pulse pressure is quantified using a blood pressure cuff and stethoscope (Korotkoff sounds), by measuring the variation of the systolic pressure during expiration and inspiration. [8] To measure the pulsus paradoxus, place a blood pressure cuff on the patient's arm and very slowly deflate the cuff while listening for brachial pulsations.
The brachial artery is the major blood vessel of the (upper) arm. It is the continuation of the axillary artery beyond the lower margin of teres major muscle. It continues down the ventral surface of the arm until it reaches the cubital fossa at the elbow. It then divides into the radial and ulnar arteries which run down the forearm.
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