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As of 1999 Texas was the tenth largest timber producing state in the nation. [3] The primary wood product is the Southern yellow pine largely supplying the housing sector in the state. [3] Cities like Nacogdoches, Lufkin, Beaumont, and Marshall still have large lumber firms that make up a substantial portion of their economies.
Texas quickly became one of the leading oil-producing states in the U.S., along with Oklahoma and California; soon the nation overtook the Russian Empire as the top producer of petroleum. By 1940 Texas had come to dominate U.S. production. Some historians even define the beginning of the world's Oil Age as the beginning of this era in Texas. [1]
Texas was a prime location for agricultural immigration, due to its numerous rivers and rich soil. [14] Due to high amounts of immigration, the settled population of Texas rose to nearly 147,000 in 1847. [14] The settled population eventually rose to 600,000 in 1860. [14] San Antonio became one of the largest cities in Texas during this time. [15]
Economic gains from natural resources are mostly beneficial when directed towards initiatives such as job creation, skill enhancement, capacity building, and pursuit of long-term developmental objectives. Thus, reliance on one or more natural resources holds financial risk when aiming for a stable economic growth. [28]
This map is the earliest recorded document of Texas history. [ 18 ] Between 1528 and 1535, four survivors of the Narváez expedition , including Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca and Estevanico , spent six and a half years in Texas as slaves and traders among various native groups.
Impressed by its beauty, abundant natural resources, promise as an economic hub, and central location in Texas territory, the commission purchased 7,735 acres (3,130 ha) along the Colorado River consisting of a planned townsite surveyed by Edward Burleson in 1838 (incorporated Jan, 1839) he called Waterloo, and adjacent lands. [18] [19]
The cities played a major role in fomenting the American Revolution, but they were hard hit during the war itself, 1775–83. They lost their main role as oceanic ports, because of the blockade by the Royal Navy. Furthermore, the British occupied the cities, especially New York 1776–83, and the others for briefer periods.
Coal was the dominant power source in the late 1800s and early 1900s, and although in rapid decline it remains a significant source of energy in 2024. Coal became the largest source of energy in the 1880s, when it overtook wood, and remained the largest source until the early 1950s, when coal was exceeded by petroleum.