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Bone marrow suppression also known as myelotoxicity or myelosuppression, is the decrease in production of cells responsible for providing immunity , carrying oxygen (erythrocytes), and/or those responsible for normal blood clotting (thrombocytes). [1]
Bone marrow failure in both children and adults can be either inherited or acquired. Inherited bone marrow failure is often the cause in young children, while older children and adults may acquire the disease later in life. [3] Acquired bone marrow failure may be due to aplastic anemia [4] or myelodysplastic syndrome.
Bone marrow is a semi-solid tissue found within the spongy (also known as cancellous) portions of bones. [2] In birds and mammals, bone marrow is the primary site of new blood cell production (or haematopoiesis). [3] It is composed of hematopoietic cells, marrow adipose tissue, and supportive stromal cells.
Irreversible stem cell damage in the bone marrow is the first life-threatening effect of intense radiation exposure and therefore one of the most important bodily elements to protect. Due to the regenerative property of hematopoietic stem cells , it is only necessary to protect enough bone marrow to repopulate the exposed areas of the body with ...
In HDC, the bone marrow transplantation was used to maximise chemotherapeutic dosage. By harvesting and freezing bone marrow, then implanting the marrow after HDC, doctors were theoretically able to break through the frontier of toxicity, the so-called "red ceiling".
Exposure to high levels of strontium may cause leukemia and cancers of the bone, nose, lung and skin, according to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, while high levels of radium ...
Regrading bone marrow suppression, chloramphenicol has two major etiological manifestations. The first affects hematopoiesis , and this is reversible being an early sign of toxicity. The second is bone marrow aplasia, associated with terminal toxicity, and sometimes irreversible.
As a liquid or vapor, though, benzene is a carcinogen if ingested or inhaled. Longtime exposure damages bone marrow, which is why it's linked to leukemia. ... such as bacteria and vaporized VOCs ...