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Note the blank in the name of the metaclass. The name of the metaclass is the Smalltalk expression that, when evaluated, results in the metaclass object. Thus evaluating Car class results in the metaclass object for Car whose name is Car class (one can confirm this by evaluating Car class name which returns the name of the metaclass of Car.)
In some languages, such as Python, Ruby or Smalltalk, a class is also an object; thus each class is an instance of a unique metaclass that is built into the language. [ 4 ] [ 35 ] [ 36 ] The Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) provides metaobject protocols (MOPs) to implement those classes and metaclasses.
In Python, everything is an object, even classes. Classes, as objects, have a class, which is known as their metaclass. Python also supports multiple inheritance and mixins. The language supports extensive introspection of types and classes. Types can be read and compared—types are instances of type. The attributes of an object can be ...
In class-based object-oriented programming, abstract types are implemented as abstract classes (also known as abstract base classes), and concrete types as concrete classes. In generic programming , the analogous notion is a concept , which similarly specifies syntax and semantics, but does not require a subtype relationship: two unrelated ...
Modern object-oriented languages, such as C++ and Java, support a form of abstract data types. When a class is used as a type, it is an abstract type that refers to a hidden representation. In this model, an ADT is typically implemented as a class, and each instance of the ADT is usually an object of that class.
In knowledge representation, particularly in the Semantic Web, a metaclass is a class whose instances can themselves be classes. Similar to their role in programming languages , metaclasses in ontology languages can have properties otherwise applicable only to individuals, while retaining the same class's ability to be classified in a concept ...
Shane Bieber will resume his career with the only team he has ever known. The Cleveland Guardians' ace, currently recovering from Tommy John surgery, agreed Friday to re-sign with the team on a ...
Abstract data types Algebraic data types Data is immutable Type classes Garbage collection First appeared Common Lisp: No [1] Simulated with thunks [2] Dynamic [3] Yes [4] Extension [5] No [6]? Yes: 1984 Scheme: No [7] Yes [8] Dynamic [7] Yes [9] Simulated with thunks [10] No [11] No: Yes: 1975 Racket: No: Default in Lazy Racket [12] Dynamic by ...