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The relative permittivity of a medium is related to its electric susceptibility, χ e, as ε r (ω) = 1 + χ e. In anisotropic media (such as non cubic crystals) the relative permittivity is a second rank tensor. The relative permittivity of a material for a frequency of zero is known as its static relative permittivity.
physics, engineering (Damping ratio of oscillator or resonator; energy stored versus energy lost) Relative density: RD = hydrometers, material comparisons (ratio of density of a material to a reference material—usually water)
The linear permittivity of a homogeneous material is usually given relative to that of free space, as a relative permittivity ε r (also called dielectric constant, although this term is deprecated and sometimes only refers to the static, zero-frequency relative permittivity).
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The Lorentz–Lorenz equation is similar to the Clausius–Mossotti relation, except that it relates the refractive index (rather than the dielectric constant) of a substance to its polarizability. The Lorentz–Lorenz equation is named after the Danish mathematician and scientist Ludvig Lorenz , who published it in 1869, and the Dutch ...
The real (blue solid line) and imaginary (orange dashed line) components of relative permittivity are plotted for model with parameters = 3.2 eV, = 4.5 eV, = 100 eV, = 1 eV, and = 3.5. The Tauc–Lorentz model is a mathematical formula for the frequency dependence of the complex-valued relative permittivity , sometimes referred to as the ...
Next, the circuital equation is extended by including the polarization current, thereby remedying the limited applicability of the original circuital law. Treating free charges separately from bound charges, the equation including Maxwell's correction in terms of the H -field is (the H -field is used because it includes the magnetization ...
The relation holds for systems with a single optical branch, such as cubic systems with two different atoms per unit cell. For systems with many phonon branches, the relation does not necessarily hold, as the permittivity for any pair of longitudinal and transverse modes will be altered by the other modes in the system.