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Fetal warfarin syndrome is a disorder of the embryo which occurs in a child whose mother took the medication warfarin (brand name: Coumadin) during pregnancy.Resulting abnormalities include low birth weight, slower growth, intellectual disability, deafness, small head size, and malformed bones, cartilage, and joints.
[2] [3] [6] Vitamin K can be delivered into the body via the oral, subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous routes of administration. [7] Vitamin K can influence bone health, coagulation, and insulin sensitivity, but it can also be effected by bariatric surgery which can result in vitamin K deficiency.
Phytomenadione, also known as vitamin K 1 or phylloquinone, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. [4] [5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [6] It is used to treat certain bleeding disorders, [5] including warfarin overdose, vitamin K deficiency, and obstructive jaundice. [5]
Babies receive a shot of vitamin K after birth to prevent life-threatening bleeding. But more parents are refusing the injection. The trend is alarming doctors.
Newborn infants have low stores of vitamin K, and human breast milk has low concentrations of the vitamin. This combination can lead to vitamin K deficiency and later onset bleeding. Vitamin K deficiency leads to the risk of blood coagulation problems due to impaired production of clotting factors II, VII, IX, X, protein C and protein S by the ...
Vitamin K is a family of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamers found in foods and marketed as dietary supplements. [1] The human body requires vitamin K for post-synthesis modification of certain proteins that are required for blood coagulation ("K" from Danish koagulation, for "coagulation") or for controlling binding of calcium in bones and other tissues. [2]
Vitamin K 1-deficiency may occur by disturbed intestinal uptake (such as would occur in a bile duct obstruction), by therapeutic or accidental intake of a vitamin K 1-antagonist such as warfarin, or, very rarely, by nutritional vitamin K 1 deficiency. As a result, Gla-residues are inadequately formed and the Gla-proteins are insufficiently active.
MK-4 is the major form of Vitamin K in vertebrate animals, including humans and common forms of meat animals. It is produced via conversion of vitamin K 1 in the body, specifically in the testes, pancreas and arterial walls. [2] The conversion is not dependent on gut bacteria, occurring in germ-free rats [3] [4] and in parenterally-administered ...