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Amaranth and its relative quinoa are considered pseudocereals because of their similarities to cereals in flavor and cooking. The spread of Amaranthus is of a joint effort of human expansion, adaptation, and fertilization strategies. Grain amaranth has been used for food by humans in several ways.
Amaranth species that are still used as a grain are Amaranthus caudatus L., Amaranthus cruentus L., and Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. The yield of grain amaranth is comparable to that of rice or maize. The grain was a staple food of the Aztecs and an integral part of Aztec religious ceremonies.
Amaranthus hybridus, commonly called green amaranth, [2] slim amaranth, [3] smooth amaranth, smooth pigweed, or red amaranth, is a species of annual flowering plant. It is a weedy species found now over much of North America and introduced into Europe and Eurasia.
Amaranthus cruentus is a tall annual herb topped with clusters of dark pink flowers. The plant can grow up to 2 m (6 ft) in height, and blooms in summer to fall. It is believed to have originated from Amaranthus hybridus, with which it shares many morphological features.
Amaranthus tricolor, known as edible amaranth, [3] is a species of flowering plant in the genus Amaranthus, part of the family Amaranthaceae.
Amaranthus retroflexus is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae with several common names, including red-root amaranth, redroot pigweed, red-rooted pigweed, common amaranth, pigweed amaranth, and common tumbleweed. [4] Outside of its native range, it is considered a weed.
Amaranthus californicus is a species of flowering plant in the amaranth family known as California amaranth. [1] It is a glabrous monoecious annual that is native to most of the western United States and Canada. The plant grows from 10 to 50 cm (3.9 to 19.7 in) in length. [2]
Amaranthus blitoides, commonly called mat amaranth, [1] prostrate pigweed, [2] procumbent pigweed, prostrate amaranth, or matweed, is a glabrous annual plants species. It usually grows up to 0.6 m, though it may grow up to 1 m (3 feet).