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Management of tuberculosis refers to techniques and procedures utilized for treating tuberculosis (TB), or simply a treatment plan for TB.. The medical standard for active TB is a short course treatment involving a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin (also known as Rifampin), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for the first two months.
The principles of treatment for MDR-TB and for XDR-TB are the same. Second-line drugs are more toxic than the standard anti-TB regimen and can cause a range of serious side-effects including hepatitis, depression, hallucinations, and deafness. [14] Patients are often hospitalized for long periods, in isolation.
Side effects are those of the underlying medications. [1] Pyridoxine may be used to decrease the risk of numbness. [2] It is not recommended in people with liver problems or severe kidney problems. [3] Use may not be suitable in children. [1] It is unclear if use during pregnancy is safe. [3]
There is some efficacy for linezolid to treat those with XDR-TB but side effects and discontinuation of medications were common. [160] [161] Bedaquiline is tentatively supported for use in multiple drug-resistant TB. [162] XDR-TB is a term sometimes used to define extensively resistant TB, and constitutes one in ten cases of MDR-TB. Cases of ...
Treatment of MDR-TB requires treatment with second-line drugs, usually four or more anti-TB drugs for a minimum of 6 months, and possibly extending for 18–24 months if rifampin resistance has been identified in the specific strain of TB with which the patient has been infected. [9] Under ideal program conditions, MDR-TB cure rates can ...
Isoniazid can be used alone or in combination with Rifampin for treatment of latent tuberculosis, or as part of a four-drug regimen for treatment of active tuberculosis. [18] The drug regimen typically requires daily or weekly oral administration for a period of three to nine months, often under Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) supervision. [18]
One of the documented adverse effects of thioacetazone is the excessive accumulation of serum (or blood plasma) in the brain. Another is weakening of the thyroid glands. These were found in a treatment combining conteben with PAS acid p-amino-salicylic acid. [8]
Rifampicin is used for the treatment of tuberculosis in combination with other antibiotics, such as pyrazinamide, isoniazid, and ethambutol. [10] For the treatment of tuberculosis, it is administered daily for at least six months. [11] Combination therapy is used to prevent the development of resistance and to shorten the length of treatment. [12]