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The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. [9] [10] [11] The Union has a total area of 4,233,255 km 2 (1,634,469 sq mi) and an estimated total population of over 449 million.
The EU has seven principal decision-making bodies known as the Institutions of the European Union, while the adoption of laws and coordination of EU policies is the role of the Council of the European Union which currently meets in ten different configurations.
The primary institutions of the European Union are the European Commission, the Council of the European Union (Council), the European Council and the European Parliament. The ordinary legislative procedure, applies to nearly all EU policy areas. Under the procedure, the Commission presents a proposal to Parliament and the council.
The Treaty on the European Union (2007) is one of the primary Treaties of the European Union, alongside the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). The TEU forms the basis of EU law , by setting out general principles of the EU's purpose, the governance of its central institutions (such as the Commission, Parliament, and Council ...
The European Commission (EC) is the primary executive arm of the European Union (EU). It operates as a cabinet government , with a number of members of the Commission ( directorial system , informally known as "Commissioners") corresponding to two thirds of the number of member states , unless the European Council , acting unanimously, decides ...
the Council of the European Union (of member state ministers, a council for each area of responsibility), the European Commission, the Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Central Bank and; the European Court of Auditors. [1] Institutions are distinct from both advisory bodies to the European Union and agencies of the European ...
The State of the Union address of the European Union was instituted by the Lisbon Treaty (with the 2010 Framework Agreement on relations between the European Parliament and the European Commission - Annex IV(5) [3]), in order to make political life of the Union more democratic and transparent than it previously had been.
The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (CFR) enshrines certain political, social, and economic rights for European Union (EU) citizens and residents into EU law. It was drafted by the European Convention and solemnly proclaimed on 7 December 2000 by the European Parliament , the Council of Ministers and the European Commission .