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A language's set of pronouns is typically defined by grammatical person. First person includes the speaker (English: I, we), second person is the person or people spoken to (English: your or you), and third person includes all that are not listed above (English: he, she, it, they). [1]
Personal pronouns are pronouns that are associated primarily with a particular grammatical person – first person (as I), second person (as you), or third person (as he, she, it). Personal pronouns may also take different forms depending on number (usually singular or plural), grammatical or natural gender, case, and formality.
Hindustani has personal pronouns for the first and second persons, while for the third person demonstratives are used, which can be categorised deictically as proximate and non-proximate. [24] tū, tum, and āp are the three 2P pronouns, constituting a threefold scale of sociolinguistic formality: respectively, intimate, familiar, and formal.
For all but the first person singular, the same forms are used regardless of the part of speech of the word attached to. In the third person masculine singular, -hu occurs after the vowels u or a (-a, -ā, -u, -ū, -aw), while -hi occurs after i or y (-i, -ī, -ay). The same alternation occurs in the third person dual and plural.
The imperative exists only in the second person and is distinguished from the jussive by the lack of the normal second-person prefix ـت ta-/tu-. The third person masculine singular past tense form serves as the "dictionary form" used to identify a verb, similar to the infinitive in English. (Arabic has no infinitive.)
The dictionary was edited by the honorary director general of the board Maulvi Abdul Haq who had already been working on an Urdu dictionary since the establishment of the Urdu Dictionary Board, Karachi, in 1958. [1] [2] [3] Urdu Lughat consists of 22 volumes. In 2019, the board prepared a short concise version of the dictionary in 2 volumes.
The first two in the sequence are by far the most common; 'tertiary' appears occasionally, and higher numbers are rare except in specialized contexts ('quaternary period'). The Greek series proto- , deutero- , trito- , ... is only found in prefixes, generally scholarly and technical coinages, e.g. protagonist, deuteragonist, tritagonist ...
It was translated from Shah Abdul Qadar Dehlavi's Urdu translation of the Quran. The hand-written versions of this translation are saved in Raza library of Rampur and Idara-e-Adabyat-e-Urdu library of Deccan, Hyderabad, India. Tafseer Yaseer by Mulavi Murad Ali Khan Sahibzada, it was the first Tafseer and second translation in Pashto. The first ...