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Mydriasis can be induced via modulation of adrenergic or cholinergic signalling. Drugs that can cause mydriasis include: Stimulants (typically monoaminergics) such as amphetamines, cocaine, MDMA, and mephedrone. Anticholinergics such as diphenhydramine, atropine, hyoscyamine, and scopolamine antagonize the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in
Dilation and constriction of the pupil. Pupillary response is a physiological response that varies the size of the pupil, via the optic and oculomotor cranial nerve.. A constriction response (), [1] is the narrowing of the pupil, which may be caused by scleral buckles or drugs such as opiates/opioids or anti-hypertension medications.
Combined use of medications with anticholinergics may cause synergistic (supra-additive), additive, or antagonistic interactions, leading to no therapeutic effect or overdosing. [25] [26] Below listed are some medications or food that can interact with anticholinergics. Medications indicated for: Irregular heartbeat, e.g. disopyramide ...
Tropicamide is in the antimuscarinic part of the anticholinergic family of medications. [3] It works by making the muscles within the eye unable to respond to nerve signals. [3] Tropicamide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1960. [3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [6]
Anticholinergics (anticholinergic agents) are substances that block the action of the acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter at synapses in the central and peripheral nervous system. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] These agents inhibit the parasympathetic nervous system by selectively blocking the binding of ACh to its receptor in nerve cells .
Building on past research, a study conducted by the Indiana University School of Medicine suggests anticholinergic drugs of both the over-the-counter and prescription varieties are linked to ...
The main contraindication for ipratropium in any form is hypersensitivity to atropine and related substances. [20] [21]Conditions such as narrow-angle glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia, or bladder neck obstruction are not necessarily contraindicators, but should be taken into account, particularly if the patient is receiving an anticholinergic by another route.
produce mydriasis and cycloplegia in diagnostics [5] may cause ocular hypertension [5] Short acting, CD [5] Diphenhydramine: NS: for EPS from typical and atypical antipsychotic medications; antihistamine; sleep aid; PD; management of asthma symptoms; sedation; dry mouth; constipation; UR; Acts in the central nervous system, blood vessels and ...