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The policy of taxation in the Philippines is governed chiefly by the Constitution of the Philippines and three Republic Acts. Constitution: Article VI, Section 28 of the Constitution states that "the rule of taxation shall be uniform and equitable" and that " Congress shall evolve a progressive system of taxation ".
The adoption of the VAT system was one of the structural reforms provided for in the 1986 Tax Reform Program, which was designed to simplify tax administration and make the tax system more equitable. It was also in 1988 that the Revenue Information Systems Services Inc. (RISSI) was abolished and transferred back to the BIR by virtue of a ...
The list focuses on the main types of taxes: corporate tax, individual income tax, and sales tax, including VAT and GST and capital gains tax, but does not list wealth tax or inheritance tax. Personal income tax includes all applicable taxes, including all unvested social security contributions.
Income taxes could have performed better, and the tax system's fairness enhanced, had BIR implemented fully the approved reform imposing ceilings on allowable deductions. Overall responsiveness of the tax system to changes in economic activity improved from an average of 0.9% from 1980–1985 to an average of 1.5% from 1986 to 1991.
Flat tax of 8% on gross sales or gross revenues in lieu of percentage tax and personal income tax. [25] "TRAIN aims to clean up the VAT system to make it fairer and simpler and lower the cost of compliance for both the taxpayers and tax administrators". [25] As such, VAT exemptions are now only limited to health, education and raw agriculture food.
The Court of Tax Appeals (Filipino: Hukuman ng Apelasyon sa Buwis [2]) is the special court of limited jurisdiction, and has the same level with the Court of Appeals. The court consists of 8 Associate Justices and 1 Presiding Justice.
A poll tax, also called a per capita tax, or capitation tax, is a tax that levies a set amount per individual. It is an example of the concept of fixed tax. One of the earliest taxes mentioned in the Bible of a half-shekel per annum from each adult Jew (Ex. 30:11–16) was a form of the poll tax. Poll taxes are administratively cheap because ...
A new income tax law, passed in 1997 and effective 1998, determined residence as the basis for taxation of worldwide income. [169] The Philippines used to tax the foreign income of nonresident citizens at reduced rates of 1 to 3% (income tax rates for residents were 1 to 35% at the time). [170]