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In quantum mechanics, and especially quantum information and the study of open quantum systems, the trace distance is a metric on the space of density matrices and gives a measure of the distinguishability between two states. It is the quantum generalization of the Kolmogorov distance for classical probability distributions.
Just like the basic unit of classical information is the bit, quantum information deals with qubits. [15] Quantum information can be measured using Von Neumann entropy. Recently, the field of quantum computing has become an active research area because of the possibility to disrupt modern computation, communication, and cryptography. [14] [16]
Michael Peter Barnett (24 March 1929 – 13 March 2012) was a British theoretical chemist and computer scientist. [1] He developed mathematical and computer techniques for quantum chemical problems, and some of the earliest software for several other kinds of computer application.
But the no-hiding theorem is a more general proof of conservation of quantum information which originates from the proof of conservation of wave function in quantum theory. It may be noted that the conservation of entropy holds for a quantum system undergoing unitary time evolution and that if entropy represents information in quantum theory ...
Joan Vaccaro is a physicist at Griffith University and a former student of David Pegg.Her work in quantum physics includes quantum phase, [1] nonclassical states of light, coherent laser excitation of atomic gases, cold atomic gases, stochastic Schrödinger equations, quantum information theory, quantum references, wave–particle duality, quantum thermodynamics, and the physical nature of time.
The term quantum state discrimination collectively refers to quantum-informatics techniques, with the help of which, by performing a small number of measurements on a physical system, its specific quantum state can be identified . And this is provided that the set of states in which the system can be is known in advance, and we only need to ...
The magnetization occurs parallel to the axis of spin. Barnett was motivated by a prediction by Owen Richardson in 1908, later named the Einstein–de Haas effect, that magnetizing a ferromagnet can induce a mechanical rotation. He instead looked for the opposite effect, that is, that spinning a ferromagnet could change its magnetization.
Barnett attended Cambridge University and received his Ph.D in theoretical physics from Harvard University. He has written on topics such as efficient and accurate computational methods for waves, PDE eigenvalue problems, periodic problems, and quantum chaos. [4] His high-frequency eigenfunction calculations are some of the fastest in the world ...