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Vietnam, [e] [f] officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, [g] [h] is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about 331,000 square kilometres (128,000 sq mi) and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's fifteenth-most populous country.
Communism in Vietnam is linked to the Politics of Vietnam and the push for independence. Marxism was introduced in Vietnam with the emergence of three communist parties : the Indochinese Communist Party, the Annamese Communist Party, and the Indochinese Communist Union, later joined by a Trotskyist movement led by Tạ Thu Thâu .
South Vietnam maintained a capitalist free-market economy with ties to the West. It established an airline named Air Vietnam. The economy was greatly assisted by American aid and the presence of large numbers of Americans in the country between 1961 and 1973 during Vietnam War.
Socialism in Vietnam, in particular Marxism–Leninism, is the ideological foundation of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) for the development of the country ever since its establishment. [ 1 ] Socialism is one of three major political ideologies formed in the 19th century alongside liberalism and conservatism .
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The Geneva Accords in 1954 partitioned the country temporarily in two with a promise of democratic elections in 1956 to reunite the country. The United States and South Vietnam that did not sign the Accords insisted on United Nations supervision of any election to prevent fraud, which the Soviet Union and North Vietnam refused.
The Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) [a] is the founding and sole legal party of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Founded in 1930 by Hồ Chí Minh, the CPV became the ruling party of North Vietnam in 1954 and then all of Vietnam after the collapse of the South Vietnamese government following the Fall of Saigon in 1975.
The country was still part of the French Indochinese Federation, but its autonomy became much greater and the new Vietnam gained power gradually. [11] On December 8, 1950, the State of Vietnam was allowed to establish its own army ( Vietnamese National Army , predecessor of the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces ) and it fought side by side with ...