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Shaded relief map of the Llano Estacado. Texas contains a wide variety of geologic settings. The state's stratigraphy has been largely influenced by marine transgressive-regressive cycles during the Phanerozoic, with a lesser but still significant contribution from late Cenozoic tectonic activity, as well as the remnants of a Paleozoic mountain range.
The Edwards Plateau is a geographic region forming the crossroads of Central, South and West Texas, United States.It is named in honor of Haden Edwards. [2] It is bounded by the Balcones Fault to the south and east; the Llano Uplift and the Llano Estacado to the north; and the Pecos River and Chihuahuan Desert to the west. [3]
West Texas is often subdivided according to distinct physiographic features. The portion of West Texas that lies west of the Pecos River is often called "Far West Texas" or the "Trans-Pecos", a term introduced in 1887 by geologist Robert T. Hill. [4] The Trans-Pecos lies within the Chihuahuan Desert and is the aridest part of the state.
The term is considered synonymous with Far West Texas, a subdivision of West Texas. [2] The Trans-Pecos is part of the Chihuahuan Desert, the largest desert in North America. It is the most mountainous and arid portion of the state, and most of its vast area (outside the city of El Paso) is sparsely populated. Among the nine counties in the ...
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Yttrium, one of the rare-earth elements located in Round Top Mountain. The Round Top Project is a joint venture of USA Rare Earth and Texas Mineral Resources Corporation (TMRC; formerly Texas Rare Earth Resources). [15] Round Top hosts 16 of the 17 rare earths, as well as industrial minerals including lithium, beryllium, and uranium.
The Texas cities of Midland, Odessa and San Angelo serve as headquarters for some of the oil production activities in the basin. The Permian Basin is also a major source of potassium salts . Potash mines are located in Lea and Eddy counties, New Mexico, and are operated by the room and pillar method.
Capote Falls, located on spring-fed Capote Creek, is the highest waterfall in Texas at 175 feet. Despite its location in one of the driest parts of the state, it is the main drainage below the Rio Grande Rift and the Sierra Vieja on its way to the Rio Grande, and as such it consistently flows. [6] The waterfall is located on private property.