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  2. Time dilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_dilation

    The lifetime of particles produced in particle accelerators are longer due to time dilation. In such experiments, the "clock" is the time taken by processes leading to muon decay, and these processes take place in the moving muon at its own "clock rate", which is much slower than the laboratory clock.

  3. Gravitational time dilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_time_dilation

    The existence of gravitational time dilation was first confirmed directly by the Pound–Rebka experiment in 1959, and later refined by Gravity Probe A and other experiments. Gravitational time dilation is closely related to gravitational redshift, [4] in which the closer a body emitting light of constant frequency is to a gravitating body, the ...

  4. Experimental testing of time dilation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_testing_of...

    Relation between the speed and the Lorentz factor γ (and hence the time dilation of moving clocks). Time dilation as predicted by special relativity is often verified by means of particle lifetime experiments. According to special relativity, the rate of a clock C traveling between two synchronized laboratory clocks A and B, as seen by a ...

  5. Time in physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_physics

    In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of time is the second (symbol: s). It has been defined since 1967 as "the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom", and is an SI base unit. [12]

  6. Shapiro time delay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapiro_time_delay

    The Shapiro time delay effect, or gravitational time delay effect, is one of the four classic Solar System tests of general relativity. Radar signals passing near a massive object take slightly longer to travel to a target and longer to return than they would if the mass of the object were not present.

  7. Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_the...

    The "order" of a tensor is the number of directions contained within, which is separate from the dimensions of the individual directions. A second-order tensor in two dimensions might be represented mathematically by a 2-by-2 matrix, and in three dimensions by a 3-by-3 matrix, but in both cases the matrix is "square" for a second-order tensor.

  8. Galileo's Leaning Tower of Pisa experiment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo's_Leaning_Tower_of...

    The two sciences were the science of motion, which became the foundation-stone of physics, and the science of materials and construction, an important contribution to engineering. Galileo arrived at his hypothesis by a famous thought experiment outlined in his book On Motion. [14] He writes: Salviati. If then we take two bodies whose natural ...

  9. Speed of gravity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_gravity

    The speed of gravitational waves in the general theory of relativity is equal to the speed of light in vacuum, c. [3] Within the theory of special relativity, the constant c is not only about light; instead it is the highest possible speed for any interaction in nature.

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