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The secularization movement began in the 1770s. Following the expulsion of the Jesuits in 1768 from all of the Spanish Empire 's colonies including the Philippines, the Spanish monarchy issued a royal decree in 1774 to fill vacant clergy posts in parishes with seculars. [ 4 ]
Pedro Peláez y Sebastián (June 29, 1812 – June 3, 1863) was a Filipino Catholic priest who favored the rights for Filipino clergy during the 19th century. [1] He was diocesan administrator of the Archdiocese of Manila for a brief period of time.
The Philippines became a Spanish colony in 1565, following the Magellan expedition's stopover in the islands in 1521. Religion played a significant role in the colony's governance. Due to the distance of the Philippines from the Iberian Peninsula, Spain had to rely on network of parishes and monastic orders for governance of the archipelago. [3]
Varela would then retire from politics but his nationalism was carried on by another Creole, one Pedro Peláez, who campaigned for the rights of Filipino priests (Creoles, Mestizos and Indios) and pressed for secularization of Philippine parishes. [1] He reasoned out the same point Sancho had, friars are for missions on areas that are still pagan.
The history of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 is known as the Spanish colonial period, during which the Philippine Islands were ruled as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under the Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, until the independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain in 1821.
Before the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan, the Philippines was split into numerous barangays, small states that were linked through region-wide trade networks. [1]: 26–27 The name "barangay" is thought to come from the word balangay, which refers to boats used by the Austronesian people to reach the Philippines. [2]
In sociology, secularization (British English: secularisation) is a multilayered concept that generally denotes "a transition from a religious to a more worldly level." [1] There are many types of secularization and most do not lead to atheism, irreligion, nor are they automatically antithetical to religion. [2]
Secularism's origins can be traced to the Bible itself and fleshed out throughout Christian history into the modern era. [18] "Secular" is a part of the Christian church's history, which even has secular clergy since the medieval period.