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This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Bengali on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Bengali in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
English and other foreign (বিদেশী bideshi) borrowings add even more cluster types into the Bengali inventory, further increasing the syllable capacity, [citation needed] as commonly-used loanwords such as ট্রেন ṭren ('train') and গ্লাস glash ('glass') are now included in leading Bengali dictionaries.
Spoken Bengali exhibits far more variation than written Bengali. Formal spoken Bengali, including what is heard in news reports, speeches, announcements, and lectures, is modelled on Choltibhasha. This form of spoken Bengali stands alongside other spoken dialects, or Ancholik Bangla (আঞ্চলিক বাংলা) (i.e. 'regional Bengali').
The Bengali script or Bangla alphabet (Bengali: বাংলা বর্ণমালা, romanized: Bāṅlā bôrṇômālā) is the standard writing system used to write the Bengali language, and has historically been used to write Sanskrit within Bengal. [6]
As a head-final language, Bengali follows a subject–object–verb word order, although variations on this theme are common. [108] Bengali makes use of postpositions, as opposed to the prepositions used in English and other European languages. Determiners follow the noun, while numerals, adjectives, and possessors precede the noun. [109]
Due to the British colonization of the country, English is still a widely spoken and commonly understood language in Bangladesh. [7] English is taught as a compulsory subject in all schools, colleges and universities. In addition, there is an English-medium education system in Bangladesh which is widely attended. [8]
Bengali personal pronouns are somewhat similar to English pronouns, having different words for first, second, and third person, and also for singular and plural (unlike for verbs, below). Bengali pronouns do not differentiate for gender; that is, the same pronoun may be used for "he" or "she".
At the same time, Nathaniel Brassey Halhed used a romanisation scheme based on English for his Bengali grammar book. After Halhed, the renowned English philologist and oriental scholar Sir William Jones devised a romanisation scheme for Bengali and other Indian languages in general; he published it in the Asiatick Researches journal in 1801. [4]