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The hard c pronunciation occurs everywhere else [4] except in the letter combinations sc , ch , and sch which have distinct pronunciation rules. cc generally represents /ks/ before i e y , as in accident, succeed, and coccyx. There are exceptions to the general rules of hard and soft c :
HSAB is an acronym for "hard and soft (Lewis) acids and bases".HSAB is widely used in chemistry for explaining the stability of compounds, reaction mechanisms and pathways. It assigns the terms 'hard' or 'soft', and 'acid' or 'base' to chemical species.
In English orthography, c generally represents the "soft" value of / s / before the letters e (including the Latin-derived digraphs ae and oe , or the corresponding ligatures æ and œ ), i , and y , and a "hard" value of / k / before any other letters or at the end of a word.
Eventually, both velar consonants /k/ and /ɡ/ developed palatalized allophones before front vowels; consequently in today's Romance languages, c and g have different sound values depending on context (known as hard and soft C and hard and soft G). Because of French influence, English language orthography shares this feature.
While c , which also has hard and soft pronunciations, exists alongside k (which always indicates a hard pronunciation), g has no analogous letter or letter combination which consistently indicates a hard g sound, even though English uses j consistently for the soft g sound (the rationale for the spelling change of "gaol" to "jail").
Consonants not classified as soft are dubbed "hard". However, a subset of hard consonants, c, dz, sz, ż/rz, cz, dż , often derive from historical palatalizations (for example, rz usually represents a historical palatalized r ) and behaves like the soft consonants in some respects (for example, they normally take e in the nominative plural ...
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The voiceless velar plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound used in almost all spoken languages.The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is k , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is k.