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  2. Linguistic frame of reference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_frame_of_reference

    Linguistic frame of reference is a frame of reference as it is expressed in a language. A frame of reference is a coordinate system used to identify the physical location of an object. In languages, different frames of reference can be used. They are: the relative frame of reference, the intrinsic frame of reference, and the absolute frame of ...

  3. Relative and absolute tense - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_and_absolute_tense

    In the case of absolute tense, the grammatical expression of time reference is made relative to the present moment. It has been pointed out that the term is somewhat misleading, since this kind of time reference is not truly absolute, but is relative to the moment of speaking. [3] Most simple sentences in tensed languages exhibit absolute tense.

  4. Mutual information - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutual_information

    Mutual information is a measure of the inherent dependence expressed in the joint distribution of and relative to the marginal distribution of and under the assumption of independence. Mutual information therefore measures dependence in the following sense: I ⁡ ( X ; Y ) = 0 {\displaystyle \operatorname {I} (X;Y)=0} if and only if X ...

  5. Approximation error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximation_error

    Best rational approximants for π (green circle), e (blue diamond), ϕ (pink oblong), (√3)/2 (grey hexagon), 1/√2 (red octagon) and 1/√3 (orange triangle) calculated from their continued fraction expansions, plotted as slopes y/x with errors from their true values (black dashes)

  6. Relative density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_density

    A United States Navy Aviation boatswain's mate tests the specific gravity of JP-5 fuel. Relative density, also called specific gravity, [1] [2] is a dimensionless quantity defined as the ratio of the density (mass of a unit volume) of a substance to the density of a given reference material.

  7. Inertial frame of reference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_frame_of_reference

    Newton posited an absolute space considered well-approximated by a frame of reference stationary relative to the fixed stars. An inertial frame was then one in uniform translation relative to absolute space. However, some "relativists", [10] even at the time of Newton, felt that absolute space was a defect of the formulation, and should be ...

  8. Absolute and relative terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_and_relative_terms

    Absolute terms describe properties that are ideal in a Platonic sense, but that are not present in any concrete, real-world object. For example, while we say of many surfaces of physical things that they are flat, a rather reasonable interpretation of what we presumably observe makes it quite doubtful that these surfaces actually are flat.

  9. Absolute configuration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_configuration

    Absolute configuration is typically relevant in organic molecules where carbon is bonded to four different substituents. This type of construction creates two possible enantiomers . Absolute configuration uses a set of rules to describe the relative positions of each bond around the chiral center atom.