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The blood supply of the AV node is from the atrioventricular nodal branch. The origin of this artery is most commonly (80–90% of hearts) a branch of the right coronary artery, with the remainder originating from the left circumflex artery. [4] [5] [6] This is associated with the dominance of the coronary artery
The interatrial septum divides the left and right atrium; The interventricular septum divides the left and right ventricles. The mitral valve and tricuspid valve are formed by the proper division of an early common valve being separated into two. [5] Atrioventricular canal defect may be divided into partial or complete forms. In the partial ...
The atrioventricular nodal branch is a coronary artery that supplies arterial blood to the atrioventricular node, which is responsible for initiating muscular contraction of the ventricles. The AV nodal branch is most often a branch of the right coronary artery .
In approximately 80% of patients (right dominant), the RCA gives off the posterior descending artery (PDA). In the other 20%, of cases (left dominant or codominant), the PDA arises from the left circumflex artery or is supplied by both the right coronary artery and the left circumflex. [8]
Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) or atrioventricular canal defect (AVCD), also known as "common atrioventricular canal" or "endocardial cushion defect" (ECD), is characterized by a deficiency of the atrioventricular septum of the heart that creates connections between all four of its chambers. It is a very specific combination of 3 defects:
It is an anatomical area located at the base of the right atrium, and its boundaries are the coronary sinus orifice, tendon of Todaro, and the septal leaflet of the right atrioventricular valve (also known as the tricuspid valve). [2] It is anatomically significant because the atrioventricular node is located at the apex of the triangle. The ...
It is typically a branch of the right coronary artery (70%, known as right dominance). Alternately, the PDA can be a branch of the circumflex coronary artery (10%, known as left dominance) which itself is a branch of the left coronary artery. It can also be supplied by an anastomosis of the left and right coronary artery (20%, known as co ...
In 7 to 8% of the population, both right and left coronary arteries supplies the posterior descending artery, making it right and left co-dominance. Narrowing of coronary arteries is more frequent in those who are left dominant when compared to those who have right dominant or co-dominant hearts.