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  2. File-system permissions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File-system_permissions

    Most file systems include attributes of files and directories that control the ability of users to read, change, navigate, and execute the contents of the file system. In some cases, menu options or functions may be made visible or hidden depending on a user's permission level; this kind of user interface is referred to as permission-driven.

  3. Create, read, update and delete - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Create,_read,_update_and...

    In computer programming, create, read, update, and delete (CRUD) are the four basic operations (actions) of persistent storage. [1] CRUD is also sometimes used to describe user interface conventions that facilitate viewing, searching, and changing information using computer-based forms and reports .

  4. Read–write memory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Readwrite_memory

    This means that you can write data to it, and that information will persist even in the absence of a power source. Typically read-write speeds are limited to its bandwidth or have mechanical limitations of either rotation speeds and arm movement delays for storage types such as Cloud Storage , Hard Disk Drive or CD-RWs , DVD-RWs , SD cards ...

  5. Shared register - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared_register

    A shared (read/write) register, sometimes just called a register, is a fundamental type of shared data structure which stores a value and has two operations: read, which returns the value stored in the register, and write, which updates the value stored. Other types of shared data structures include read–modify–write, test-and-set, compare ...

  6. Register renaming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Register_renaming

    Read-after-write (RAW) a read from a register or memory location must return the value placed there by the last write in program order, not some other write. This is referred to as a true dependency or flow dependency, and requires the instructions to execute in program order. Write-after-write (WAW)

  7. Instruction pipelining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction_pipelining

    To the right is a generic pipeline with four stages: fetch, decode, execute and write-back. The top gray box is the list of instructions waiting to be executed, the bottom gray box is the list of instructions that have had their execution completed, and the middle white box is the pipeline. The execution is as follows:

  8. Machine code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_code

    The program counter is typically set to a hard coded value when the CPU is first powered on, and will hence execute whatever machine code happens to be at this address. Similarly, the program counter can be set to execute whatever machine code is at some arbitrary address, even if this is not valid machine code.

  9. W^X - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W^X

    W^X ("write xor execute", pronounced W xor X) is a security feature in operating systems and virtual machines. It is a memory protection policy whereby every page in a process's or kernel's address space may be either writable or executable, but not both. Without such protection, a program can write (as data "W") CPU instructions in an area of ...