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Hexane (/ ˈ h ɛ k s eɪ n /) or n-hexane is an organic compound, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms and the molecular formula C 6 H 14. [ 7 ] Hexane is a colorless liquid, odorless when pure, and with a boiling point of approximately 69 °C (156 °F).
Deprotonation (or dehydronation) is the removal (transfer) of a proton (or hydron, or hydrogen cation), (H +) from a Brønsted–Lowry acid in an acid–base reaction. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The species formed is the conjugate base of that acid.
Deprotonation of organic carbonyls gives the enolate anion, which are a strong nucleophile. A classic example for favoring the keto form can be seen in the equilibrium between vinyl alcohol and acetaldehyde (K = [enol]/[keto] ≈ 3 × 10 −7). In 1,3-diketones, such as acetylacetone (2,4-pentanedione), the enol form is more favored.
However, other types are known, generally for systems where β-elimination cannot occur. The next most common type of elimination reaction is α-elimination. For a carbon center, the result of α-elimination is the formation of a carbene, which includes "stable carbenes" such as carbon monoxide or isocyanides.
Concerted metalation-deprotonation (CMD) is a mechanistic pathway through which transition-metal catalyzed C–H activation reactions can take place. In a CMD pathway, the C–H bond of the substrate is cleaved and the new C–Metal bond forms through a single transition state . [ 1 ]
The deprotonation of carbon acids can proceed with either kinetic or thermodynamic reaction control. For example, in the case of phenylacetone , deprotonation can produce two different enolates. LDA has been shown to deprotonate the methyl group, which is the kinetic course of the deprotonation.
The starting point for the collection of the substituent constants is a chemical equilibrium for which the substituent constant is arbitrarily set to 0 and the reaction constant is set to 1: the deprotonation of benzoic acid or benzene carboxylic acid (R and R' both H) in water at 25 °C. Scheme 1. Dissociation of benzoic acids
Metabolism (/ m ə ˈ t æ b ə l ɪ z ə m /, from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.The three main functions of metabolism are: the conversion of the energy in food to energy available to run cellular processes; the conversion of food to building blocks of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and some carbohydrates; and the ...