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However, on a geological timescale, a considerable degree of active and large-scale volcanism occurred in Great Britain, and many famous landmarks are formed of the eroded igneous rocks formed during these orogenies (mountain-building periods). [1]
The geological structure of Great Britain is complex, resulting as it does from a long and varied geological history spanning more than two billion years. This piece of the Earth's crust has experienced several episodes of mountain building or ' orogenies ', each of which has added further complexity to the picture.
Ordnance Survey mapping is usually classified as either "large-scale" (in other words, more detailed) or "small-scale". The Survey's large-scale mapping comprises 1:2,500 maps for urban areas and 1:10,000 more generally. (The latter superseded the 1:10,560 "six inches to the mile" scale in the 1950s.) These large scale maps are typically used ...
The Ordnance Survey began producing six inch to the mile (1:10,560) maps of Great Britain in the 1840s, modelled on its first large-scale maps of Ireland from the mid-1830s. This was partly in response to the Tithe Commutation Act 1836 which led to calls for a large-scale survey of England and Wales.
Map is based on: British Geological Survey; 2005: Bedrock geology UK South, 1:625 000 scale (5 th ed.), HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. Jackson, A.A.; 2005: Bedrock geology UK South, an explanation of the bedrock geology map of England and Wales - 1:625 000 fifth edition, British Geological Survey, Keyworth/Nottingham.
English: Geologic map of southeastern England, the English Channel and Pays-de-Calais. Based on: British Geological Survey; 2005: Bedrock geology UK South, 1:625 000 scale (5 th ed.), HarperCollins Publishers Ltd. Service Géologique National; 1996: Carte géologique de la France au millionième, Éditions BRGM (6 th ed.), Paris
1:625,000 scale geological map 2007, Bedrock Geology UK South, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Notts (UK south 625K) 1:250,000 scale geological map Mid Wales and the Marches , British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Notts ( Mid Wales & Marches 250K )
UK's topography As this geological map of Great Britain demonstrates, the geology of the UK is varied and complex. The physical geography of the UK varies greatly. England consists of mostly lowland terrain, with upland or mountainous terrain only found north-west of the Tees–Exe line.