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By midsummer, it forms pale-yellow bands on the needles, which will darken in color as the season progresses. [7] The bands are most noticeable on overcast days. By late summer, the yellow-orange telia are visible to the naked eye on the most recent growth. [7] Needles that were infected the previous year turn brown and then defoliate. [6]
In spring and early summer the foliage of an infected branches on host trees fade and turns brown, which is an indication of girdling occurring within a branch or along the mainstem caused by this pathogen. These brown needles will remain attached during the growing season and then fall off during the winter, leaving behind bare twigs and branches.
As summer progresses, the aecia (infected needles) will begin to turn brown. In terms of symptoms of spruce broom rust, twigs of the brooms themselves are typically shorter and thicker than normal. Another common symptom is the formation of a canker or gall at the base of the broom. [ 6 ]
Picea abies, the Norway spruce [2] or European spruce, [3] is a species of spruce native to Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. [ 4 ] It has branchlets that typically hang downwards, and the largest cones of any spruce , 9–17 cm long.
The leaves are needle-like, the shortest of any spruce, 6–8 mm long, rhombic in cross-section, dark green with inconspicuous stomatal lines. The cones are slender cylindric-conic, 5–9 cm long and 1.5 cm broad, red to purple when young, maturing dark brown 5–7 months after pollination, and have stiff, smoothly rounded scales.
It has a narrow conical crown. The leaves are needle-like, yellow-green, 12–15 mm (15 ⁄ 32 – 19 ⁄ 32 in) long, four-sided, curved, with a sharp point, and extend from all sides of the twig. The bark is gray-brown on the surface and red-brown on the inside, thin, and scaly. The wood is light, soft, has narrow rings, and has a slight red ...
The unilarval chambers are set in a woody core. The stem and needles of the host can continue growing beyond the position of the gall. [5] Sitka and Norway spruce are the main hosts, but A. abietis galls can be found on Colorado blue, white, and red spruces. The yellowish green galls pass through pink and then reddish-brown colour phases.
Picea obovata, the Siberian spruce, is a spruce native to Siberia, from the Ural Mountains east to Magadan Oblast, and from the Arctic tree line south to the Altay Mountains in northwestern Mongolia. It is a medium-sized evergreen tree growing to 15–35 m tall, and with a trunk diameter of up to 1.5 m, and a conical crown with drooping ...
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