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  2. Aristocracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristocracy

    The 1st Earl of Bolingbroke, a seventeenth-century English aristocrat and politician. Aristocracy (from Ancient Greek ἀριστοκρατίᾱ ( aristokratíā ) 'rule of the best'; from ἄριστος ( áristos ) 'best' and κράτος ( krátos ) 'power, strength') is a form of government that places power in the hands of a small ...

  3. Aristocracy (class) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristocracy_(class)

    2nd Earl and Countess Harcourt, in their coronet and coronation robes by Joshua Reynolds.The countess was a confidant of Queen Charlotte.. The term aristocracy derives from the Greek ἀριστοκρατία (aristokratia from ἄριστος (aristos) 'excellent' and κράτος (kratos) 'power'). [6]

  4. List of noble houses - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_noble_houses

    A noble house is an aristocratic family or kinship group, either currently or historically of national or international significance [clarification needed], and usually associated with one or more hereditary titles, the most senior of which will be held by the "Head of the House" or patriarch.

  5. Imperial, royal and noble ranks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial,_royal_and_noble...

    Skartabel is a minor Polish aristocrat. Scottish Baron is a hereditary noble dignity, outside the Scots peerage, recognised by Lord Lyon as a member of the Scots noblesse and ranking below a Lord of Parliament but above a Scottish Laird [41] [d] in the British system. However, Scottish Barons on the European continent are considered and treated ...

  6. Nobility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobility

    Count Carl Robert Mannerheim (1835–1914), a Finnish aristocrat, businessman, and the father of Baron C. G. E. Mannerheim, the Marshal of Finland. "Aristocrat" and "aristocracy", in modern usage, refer colloquially and broadly to persons who inherit elevated social status, whether due to membership in the (formerly) official nobility or the ...

  7. Aristocrat Cipher - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristocrat_Cipher

    The Aristocrat Cipher is a type of monoalphabetic substitution cipher in which plaintext is replaced with ciphertext and encoded into assorted letters, numbers, and symbols based on a keyword. The formatting of these ciphers generally includes a title, letter frequency, keyword indicators, and the encoder's nom de plume . [ 1 ]

  8. Byzantine bureaucracy and aristocracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_bureaucracy_and...

    A Bulgarian aristocrat by the name Kaloyan also used the title. Kaisar (καῖσαρ), "Caesar" — Originally, as in the late Roman Empire, it was used for a subordinate co-emperor or the heir apparent, and was first among the "awarded" dignities. The office enjoyed extensive privileges, great prestige and power.

  9. Natural aristocracy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_aristocracy

    The natural aristocracy is a concept developed by Thomas Jefferson in 1813 which describes a political elite that derives its power from talent and virtue (or merit). He distinguishes this from traditional aristocracies, which he refers to as the artificial aristocracy, a ruling elite that derives its power solely from inherited status, or wealth and birth.