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2. Integer - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer

   The word integer comes from the Latin integer meaning "whole" or (literally) "untouched", from in ("not") plus tangere ("to touch"). "Entire" derives from the same origin via the French word entier, which means both entire and integer. [9] Historically the term was used for a number that was a multiple of 1, [10] [11] or to the whole part of a ...

3. Integer programming - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_programming

   An integer programming problem is a mathematical optimization or feasibility program in which some or all of the variables are restricted to be integers. In many settings the term refers to integer linear programming (ILP), in which the objective function and the constraints (other than the integer constraints) are linear .

4. Integer factorization - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_factorization

   In mathematics, integer factorization is the decomposition of a positive integer into a product of integers. Every positive integer greater than 1 is either the product of two or more integer factors greater than 1, in which case it is a composite number , or it is not, in which case it is a prime number .

5. Integer (computer science) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integer_(computer_science)

   In computer science, an integer is a datum of integral data type, a data type that represents some range of mathematical integers. Integral data types may be of different sizes and may or may not be allowed to contain negative values.

6. Natural number - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_number

   Canonical representation of a positive integer – Representation of a number as a product of primes; Countable set – Mathematical set that can be enumerated; Sequence – Function of the natural numbers in another set; Ordinal number – Generalization of "n-th" to infinite cases; Cardinal number – Size of a possibly infinite set

7. Constraint (mathematics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constraint_(mathematics)

   In mathematics, a constraint is a condition of an optimization problem that the solution must satisfy. There are several types of constraints—primarily equality constraints, inequality constraints, and integer constraints. The set of candidate solutions that satisfy all constraints is called the feasible set. [1]