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The syndrome is a rare but potentially fatal cause of failure to thrive in children. Failure to thrive presents on average at seven months of age. [1] Of note the syndrome is not associated with developmental delay. [2] There may be associated hydrocephalus. [citation needed] Diencephalic syndrome was first described by Dr. A. Russell in 1951. [3]
Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome; Diencephalic syndrome; Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome; DiGeorge syndrome; Diogenes syndrome; Diploid-triploid mosaicism; Disconnection syndrome; Distal 18q-Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome; Distal trisomy 10q; Doege–Potter syndrome; Donnai–Barrow syndrome; Donohue syndrome; DOOR syndrome
In patients with pseudopheochromocytoma, dopamine was found to be significantly increased post-paroxysm. The paroxysm is said to be similar to the hypertensive episodes described by Page in 1935, and has been colloquially referred to as "Page's Syndrome". These episodes can occur after diencephalic stimulation. [1]
Diencephalic structures: Hypothalamus; Mammillary bodies; Anterior nuclei of thalamus; Other areas that have been included in the limbic system include the: Stria medullaris; Central gray and dorsal and ventral nuclei of Gudden
The optic nerve (CNII) attaches to the diencephalon. The optic nerve is a sensory (afferent) nerve responsible for vision and sight; it runs from the eye through the optic canal in the skull and attaches to the diencephalon.
Area Postrema Syndrome (prolonged episodes of hiccuping or vomiting/nausea) dorsal medulla/area postrema lesions Acute brainstem syndrome: periependymal brainstem lesions Symptomatic narcolepsy/acute diencephalic clinical syndrome with an MRI showing diencephalon lesion(s) None additional Symptomatic cerebral syndrome with NMOSD-typical brain ...
Panayiotopoulos syndrome; PANDAS; Paroxysmal tonic upgaze; Pervasive developmental disorder; Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified; Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma; Progressive rubella panencephalitis
This type of dissociation between declarative and procedural memory can also be found in patients with diencephalic amnesia such as Korsakoff's syndrome. Another example demonstrated by some patients, such as K.C. and H.M, who have medial temporal damage and anterograde amnesia, still have perceptual priming.