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The BNF for Children developed from the British National Formulary (BNF), which prior to 2005 had provided information on the treatment of children, with the doses largely determined by calculations based on the body weight of the child. The guidance was provided by pharmacists and doctors whose expertise was in the care of adults.
Phytomenadione, also known as vitamin K 1 or phylloquinone, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. [6] [7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [8] It is used to treat certain bleeding disorders, [7] including warfarin overdose, vitamin K deficiency, and obstructive jaundice. [7]
The liver utilizes vitamin K to produce coagulation factors that help the body form blood clots which prevent excessive bleeding. [2] [3] Vitamin K injections are administered to newborns as a preventative measure to reduce the risk of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN). [4] [5]
Vitamin K is a family of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamers found in foods and marketed as dietary supplements. [1] The human body requires vitamin K for post-synthesis modification of certain proteins that are required for blood coagulation ("K" from Danish koagulation, for "coagulation") or for controlling binding of calcium in bones and other tissues. [2]
[2] [6] A study in Northern Ireland, looking at prescribing in 1965, reported that the BNF was likely able to serve the requirements of prescribers in general practice, while also achieving a cost saving. [7] By 2003, issue 46 of the BNF contained 3000 interactions or groups of interactions, with about 900 of these marked by a bullet. [8] [9 ...
Menadione is a synthetic [3] [4] organic compound with the formula C 6 H 4 (CO) 2 C 2 H(CH 3). It is an analog of 1,4-naphthoquinone with a methyl group in the 2-position. [5] It is sometimes called vitamin K 3. Use is allowed as a nutritional supplement in animal feed because of its vitamin K activity.
The number n of isoprenyl units in their side chain differs and ranges from 4 to 13, hence vitamin K 2 consists of various forms. [2] It is indicated as a suffix (-n), e. g. MK-7 or MK-9. The most common in the human diet is the short-chain, water-soluble menatetrenone (MK-4), which is usually produced by tissue and/or bacterial conversion of ...
MK-4 is the major form of Vitamin K in vertebrate animals, including humans and common forms of meat animals. It is produced via conversion of vitamin K 1 in the body, specifically in the testes, pancreas and arterial walls. [2] The conversion is not dependent on gut bacteria, occurring in germ-free rats [3] [4] and in parenterally-administered ...