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Canada covers 9,984,670 km 2 (3,855,100 sq mi) and a panoply of various geoclimatic regions, of which there are seven main regions. [9] Canada also encompasses vast maritime terrain, with the world's longest coastline of 243,042 kilometres (151,019 mi). [20] The physical geography of Canada is widely varied.
In latitude, Canada's most northerly point of land is Cape Columbia in Nunavut at 83°6′41″N, with its southern extreme at Middle Island in Lake Erie at 41°40′53″N. In longitude, Canada's land extends from Cape Spear, Newfoundland, at 52°37'W, to Mount St. Elias, Yukon Territory, at 141°W. [122]
Sign on the Trans-Canada Highway near Winnipeg, marking the longitude centre of Canada. The rural village of Taché, Mantioba, east of Winnipeg on the Trans-Canada Highway, has a sign at 96°48'35"W that proclaims it the longitudinal centre of Canada. [1] The sign was upgraded with the opening of Centre of Canada Park in 2017. [2]
Latitude Locations 90° N North Pole: 75° N: Arctic Ocean; Russia; northern Canada; Greenland: 60° N: Oslo, Norway; Helsinki, Finland; Stockholm, Sweden; major parts of Nordic countries in EU; St. Petersburg, Russia; southern Alaska United States; southern border of the Yukon and the Northwest territories in Canada; Shetland, UK (Scotland)
latitude in degrees (positive for all locations in Canada). $2: longitude in degrees (negative for all locations in Canada). x (%): x coordinate expressed as percentage of image width (measured from left edge). y (%): y coordinate expressed as percentage of image height (measured from top edge).
The northernmost point of land within the boundaries of Canada is Cape Columbia, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The northernmost point of the Canadian mainland is Zenith Point on Boothia Peninsula , Nunavut 72°00′07″N 94°39′18″W / 72.002°N 94.655°W / 72.002; -94.655 ( Zenith Point, Nunavut
A geographic coordinate system (GCS) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude. [1] It is the simplest, oldest and most widely used type of the various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms the basis for most others.
Latitude is given as an angle that ranges from −90° at the south pole to 90° at the north pole, with 0° at the Equator. Lines of constant latitude, or parallels, run east–west as circles parallel to the equator. Latitude and longitude are used together as a coordinate pair to specify a location on the surface of the Earth.