Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
A genetic disorder is a health problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome.It can be caused by a mutation in a single gene (monogenic) or multiple genes (polygenic) or by a chromosome abnormality.
The risk of multifactorial diseases may get increased due to environmental influences. The disease is not sex-limited but it occurs more frequently in one gender than the other; females are more likely to have neural tube defects compared to males. The disease occurs more commonly in a distinct ethnic group (i.e., Africans, Asians, Caucasians etc.)
Oligogenic inheritance (Greek ὀλίγος – ὀligos = few, a little) describes a trait that is influenced by a few genes. Oligogenic inheritance represents an intermediate between monogenic inheritance in which a trait is determined by a single causative gene, and polygenic inheritance, in which a trait is influenced by many genes and often environmental factors.
A polygene is a member of a group of non-epistatic genes that interact additively to influence a phenotypic trait, thus contributing to multiple-gene inheritance (polygenic inheritance, multigenic inheritance, quantitative inheritance [1]), a type of non-Mendelian inheritance, as opposed to single-gene inheritance, which is the core notion of Mendelian inheritance.
Traits controlled by two or more genes are said to be polygenic traits. Polygenic means "many genes" are necessary for the organism to develop the trait. For example, at least three genes are involved in making the reddish-brown pigment in the eyes of fruit flies. Polygenic traits often show a wide range of phenotypes.
Mendelian traits behave according to the model of monogenic or simple gene inheritance in which one gene corresponds to one trait. Discrete traits (as opposed to continuously varying traits such as height) with simple Mendelian inheritance patterns are relatively rare in nature, and many of the clearest examples in humans cause disorders.
The following is a list of genetic disorders and if known, type of mutation and for the chromosome involved. Although the parlance "disease-causing gene" is common, it is the occurrence of an abnormality in the parents that causes the impairment to develop within the child.
Monogenic may refer to: Monogenic signal, in the theory of analytic signals; Monogenic disorder, disease, inheritance, or trait, a single gene disorder resulting from a single mutated gene. Monogenic diabetes, or maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), forms of diabetes caused by mutations in an autosomal dominant gene; Monogenic obesity