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For example: clays typically have very low hydraulic conductivity (due to their small pore throat radii) but also have very high porosities (due to the structured nature of clay minerals), which means clays can hold a large volume of water per volume of bulk material, but they do not release water rapidly and therefore have low hydraulic ...
Due to the hysteretic effect of water filling and draining the pores, different wetting and drying curves may be distinguished. The general features of a water retention curve can be seen in the figure, in which the volume water content, θ, is plotted against the matric potential, . At potentials close to zero, a soil is close to saturation ...
Large volumes of pore water must pass through sediment pores for new mineral cements to crystallize and so millions of years are generally required to complete the cementation process. Common mineral cements include calcite , quartz , and silica phases like cristobalite , iron oxides , and clay minerals ; other mineral cements also occur.
For practical purposes, Vsh includes solid clays and the clay-sized and silt-sized fraction of non-clay minerals plus CBW and capillary bound water associated with shale micropores. Effective porosity In a hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir above the transition zone, only that pore space which is filled with hydrocarbons.
The pore space of soil contains the liquid and gas phases of soil, i.e., everything but the solid phase that contains mainly minerals of varying sizes as well as organic compounds. In order to understand porosity better a series of equations have been used to express the quantitative interactions between the three phases of soil.
Primary particles (sand, silt and clay) in soil are bound together by various agents and under different processes to form soil aggregates . Spaces of different shapes and sizes exist within and between these soil aggregates. The larger spaces between aggregates are called macropores.
At the microscopic and macroscopic levels, porous media can be classified. At the microscopic scale, the structure is represented statistically by the distribution of pore sizes, the degree of pore interconnection and orientation, the proportion of dead pores, etc. [4] The macroscopic technique makes use of bulk properties that have been averaged at scales far bigger than pore size.
Reaction of clay in the presence of water. Clay-water interaction is an all-inclusive term to describe various progressive interactions between clay minerals and water. [1] In the dry state, clay packets exist in face-to-face stacks like a deck of playing cards, but clay packets begin to change when exposed to water.