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[36] [37] [38] It consists of pure clay, without any mixture of ingredients. [36] Bentonite clay is available worldwide as a digestive aid; kaolin is also widely used as a digestive aid and as the base for some medicines. Attapulgite, another type of clay, is an active ingredient in many anti-diarrheal medicines. [26]
The English name reflects the historical use of the material for fulling (cleaning and shrinking) wool, by textile workers known as fullers. [1] [2] [3] In past centuries, fullers kneaded fuller's earth and water into woollen cloth to absorb lanolin, oils, and other greasy impurities as part of the cloth finishing process.
German medicinal clay (Luvos Heilerde) consisting of loess, i.e., a mixture of sand, clay, and silt. The use of medicinal clay in folk medicine goes back to prehistoric times. Indigenous peoples around the world still use clay widely, which is related to geophagy. The first recorded use of medicinal clay goes back to ancient Mesopotamia.
In Canada, the clay is associated primarily with the Pleistocene-era Champlain Sea, in the modern Ottawa Valley, the St. Lawrence Valley, and the Saguenay River regions. [4] Quick clay has been the underlying cause of many deadly landslides. In Canada alone, it has been associated with more than 250 mapped landslides.
Research indicates that the inclusion of natural fibers, moderately increases open porosity, facilitating improved pore interconnection. A meshwork is formed within the plaster, enhancing cohesion and providing flexibility to the dried mixture. Clay tends to shrink and crack during drying, the added fibers effectively counteract these issues.
Clinoptilolite has many applications due to its effect as a molecular sieve, among others as an additive for building materials, as aggregate in horticulture, as an additive to cattle feed, as an additive in household products, as a desiccant, and in environmental technology.
Clay cannot be resolved by optical microscopes as its particles are 0.002 mm (7.9 × 10 −5 in) or less in diameter and a thickness of only 10 angstroms (10 −10 m). [16] [17] In medium-textured soils, clay is often washed downward through the soil profile (a process called eluviation) and accumulates in the subsoil (a process called ...
Pore fluid present between mineral grains is an important medium through which atoms are exchanged. [4] This permits recrystallization of existing minerals or crystallization of new minerals with different crystalline structures or chemical compositions (neocrystallization). [ 1 ]