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Dimming fluorescent ballasts and dimming LED drivers often use 0–10 V control signals to control dimming functions. In many cases, the dimming range of the power supply or ballast is limited. If the light output can only be dimmed from 100% down to 10%, there must be a switch or relay available to kill power to the system and turn the light ...
Phase-fired control (PFC), also called phase cutting or phase-angle control, is a method for power limiting, applied to AC voltages. [1] It works by modulating a thyristor , SCR , triac , thyratron , or other such gated diode -like devices into and out of conduction at a predetermined phase angle of the applied waveform.
Solid-state, or semiconductor, dimmers were introduced to solve some of these problems. Semiconductor dimmers switch on at an adjustable time (phase angle) after the start of each alternating-current half-cycle, thereby altering the voltage waveform applied to lamps and so changing its RMS effective value. Because they switch instead of ...
The term brownout comes from the dimming experienced by incandescent lighting when the voltage sags. Brownouts can cause poor performance of equipment or even incorrect operation. A blackout is the total loss of power to a wider area and of long duration. [1] It is the most severe form of power outage that can occur.
In a cathode-ray tube television, the reduced output voltage will make the screen image smaller, dimmer and fuzzier. A linear DC regulated supply will maintain the output voltage unless the brownout is severe and the input voltage drops below the drop out voltage for the regulator, at which point the output voltage will fall and high levels of ...
Norway has implemented the EU directive for the phase-out of incandescent light bulbs and has followed the same phase out route as the EU. There was a half-year delay in implementing the directive compared to the EU, but the phase out occurred at the same time since the affected light bulbs were no longer available from European sources.
Chopper circuits are used in multiple applications, including: Switched mode power supplies, including DC to DC converters.; Speed controllers for DC motors; Driving brushless DC torque motors or stepper motors in actuators
Phase margin and gain margin are two measures of stability for a feedback control system. They indicate how much the gain or the phase of the system can vary before it becomes unstable. Phase margin is the difference (expressed as a positive number) between 180° and the phase shift where the magnitude of the loop transfer function is 0 dB.