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2. Merina Kingdom - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merina_Kingdom

   Government flags used from 1810 to 1885. The Kingdom of Merina, also known as the Kingdom of Madagascar and officially the Kingdom of Imerina (Malagasy: Fanjakan'Imerina; c. 1540 –1897), was a pre-colonial state off the coast of Southeast Africa that, by the 18th century, dominated most of what is now Madagascar.

3. List of Imerina monarchs - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Imerina_monarchs

   Below is a list of the line of Merina monarchs that ruled in the Central Highlands of Madagascar and from whom were issued the first true monarchs of a united Madagascar in the 19th century. Before the uniting of Madagascar, succession was based on the current monarch's designation of an heir, typically from among his or her own children.

4. Franco-Hova Wars - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franco-Hova_Wars

   The Franco-Hova Wars, also known as the Franco-Malagasy Wars, were two French military interventions in Madagascar between 1883 and 1896 that overthrew the ruling monarchy of the Merina Kingdom, and resulted in Madagascar becoming a French colony. The term "Hova" referred to a social class within the Merina class structure.

5. Ranavalona I - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranavalona_I

   Extent and expansion of Merina Kingdom on the island of Madagascar under Ranavalona I, 1828–1840. Queen Ranavalona continued the military incursions initiated under Radama I to pacify neighboring kingdoms and maintain their submission to Merina rule. These policies had a strongly negative effect on economic and population growth during her reign.

6. Second Madagascar expedition - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Madagascar_expedition

   Madagascar was at the time an independent country, ruled from the capital of Antananarivo by the Merina dynasty from the central highlands. [1] The French invasion was triggered by the refusal of Queen Ranavalona III to accept a protectorate treaty from France, [2] despite the signature of the Franco-Hova Treaty of 1885 following the First Madagascar expedition. [3]

7. Hova (Madagascar) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hova_(Madagascar)

   The social structure of the new kingdom became further defined under his son Ralambo (1575–1612), who further subdivided the Andriana into four ranks. [1] Ralambo was also the first to use the term Imerina (land of the Merina) to describe the land occupied by the Hova people, who thereafter gradually adopted the identity and label of Merina. [4]

8. Lists of rulers of Madagascar - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_rulers_of_Madagascar

   Below is a list of the line of Merina monarchs [1] that ruled in the Central Highlands of Madagascar and from whom were issued the first true monarchs of a united Kingdom of Merina: Andrianerinerina* (Son of God incarnate. According to popular belief, descended from the skies and established his kingdom at Anerinerina) Andriananjavonana*

9. Tantara ny Andriana eto Madagasikara - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantara_ny_Andriana_eto...

   Tantara ny Andriana eto Madagasikara (History of the Nobles in Madagascar) is a book of the oral history of the Kingdom of Imerina in Madagascar, gathered and published by Father François Callet between 1878 and 1881. This collection of oral tradition about the history of the Merina Dynasty was originally written in Malagasy and published ...