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The French Revolution[ a ] was a period of political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789, and ended with the coup of 18 Brumaire in November 1799 and the formation of the French Consulate. Many of its ideas are considered fundamental principles of liberal democracy, [ 1 ] while its values and institutions ...
1139. During the French Revolution, the National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale), which existed from 17 June 1789 to 9 July 1789, [ 1 ] was a revolutionary assembly of the Kingdom of France formed by the representatives of the Third Estate (commoners) of the Estates-General and eventually joined by some members of the First and Second ...
The French Revolution had a major impact on Europe and the New World. Historians widely regard the Revolution as one of the most important events in European history. [1] [2] [3] In the short-term, France lost thousands of its countrymen in the form of émigrés, or emigrants who wished to escape political tensions and save their lives.
Hôtel des Menus-Plaisirs, Versailles. The Estates General of 1789 (French: États Généraux de 1789) was a general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the clergy (First Estate), the nobility (Second Estate), and the commoners (Third Estate). It was the last of the Estates General of the Kingdom of France.
Causes of the conflict. Storming of the Bastille. There is significant disagreement among historians of the French Revolutionas to its causes. Usually, they acknowledge the presence of several interlinked factors, but vary in the weight they attribute to each one. These factors include cultural changes, normally associated with the ...
v. t. e. The Directory (also called Directorate; French: le Directoire [diʁɛktwaʁ] ⓘ) was the governing five-member committee in the French First Republic from 26 October 1795 (4 Brumaire an IV) until November 1799, when it was overthrown by Napoleon Bonaparte in the Coup of 18 Brumaire and replaced by the Consulate.
Carlyle's The French Revolution: A History, edition of Chapman & Jones, London, 1895. The historiography of the French Revolution stretches back over two hundred years. Contemporary and 19th-century writings on the Revolution were mainly divided along ideological lines, with conservative historians condemning the Revolution, liberals praising ...
July 14: Irish uprising suppressed by the British army. July 21: Bonaparte defeats the Mameluks at the Battle of the Pyramids. July 24: Bonaparte and his army enter Cairo. August 1: Admiral Nelson and the British fleet destroy the French fleet at the Battle of the Nile, stranding Bonaparte in Egypt.