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Exonuclease 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the EXO1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] This gene encodes a protein with 5' to 3' exonuclease activity as well as RNase activity (endonuclease activity cleaving RNA on DNA/RNA hybrid). [ 8 ]
Early in meiosis 1, Ime2 activity rises and is required for the normal accumulation and activity of Ndt80. However, if Ndt80 is expressed prematurely, it will initially accumulate in an unmodified form. Ime2 can then also act as a meiosis-specific kinase that phosphorylates Ndt80, resulting in fully activated Ndt80. [26]
Crossing over occurs between prophase I and metaphase I and is the process where two homologous non-sister chromatids pair up with each other and exchange different segments of genetic material to form two recombinant chromosome sister chromatids. It can also happen during mitotic division, [1] which may
Males with Klinefelter syndrome typically have one extra copy of the X chromosome in each cell, for a total of two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome (47,XXY). It is less common for affected males to have two or three extra X chromosomes (48,XXXY or 49,XXXXY) or extra copies of both the X and Y chromosomes (48,XXYY) in each cell.
[6] Because there is a small probability of recombination at any location along a chromosome, the frequency of recombination between two locations depends on the distance separating them. [citation needed] Therefore, for genes sufficiently distant on the same chromosome, the amount of crossover is high enough to destroy the correlation between ...
A metaphase cell positive for the BCR/ABL rearrangement using FISH. Cytogenetics is essentially a branch of genetics, but is also a part of cell biology/cytology (a subdivision of human anatomy), that is concerned with how the chromosomes relate to cell behaviour, particularly to their behaviour during mitosis and meiosis. [1]
This helicase is located on the X chromosome (Xq13.1-q21.1), in the pericentromeric heterochromatin and binds to heterochromatin protein 1. [ 31 ] [ 33 ] Studies have shown that ATRX plays a role in rDNA methylation and is essential for embryonic development. [ 35 ]
Genetic exchange between two DNA molecules by homologous recombination can begin with a break in both strands of DNA—called a double-strand break—and recombination is started by an endonuclease enzyme that cuts the DNA molecule that "receives" the exchanged DNA. In meiosis the enzyme is SPO11, which is related to DNA topoisomerases ...