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Grief is the response to the loss of something deemed important, particularly to the death of a person or other living thing to which a bond or affection was formed. Although conventionally focused on the emotional response to loss, grief also has physical, cognitive, behavioral, social, cultural, spiritual and philosophical dimensions.
Additionally, bereavement groups also facilitate meaning-making processes by allowing members to reconstruct narratives of themselves and their lives after loss. [9] There exist two main types of bereavement groups today: those that offer general forms of support and those that are based in a specific psychotherapy modality.
Mourning is a personal and collective response which can vary depending on feelings and contexts. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross's theory of grief describes five separate periods of experience in the psychological and emotional processing of death.
Grief counseling is commonly recommended for individuals who experience difficulties dealing with a personally significant loss. Grief counseling facilitates expression of emotion and thought about the loss, including their feeling sad, anxious, angry, lonely, guilty, relieved, isolated, confused etc.
Kessler has also proposed "Meaning" as a sixth stage of grief. [29] Other authors have also explored and expanded upon stage theories, such as Claire Bidwell Smith in her book Anxiety: The Missing Stage of Grief, which addresses additional aspects of emotional response and adjustment beyond Kübler-Ross’s original framework. [30]
The children who experience bereavement and grief can receive treatment involving group intervention, [4] play therapy, [5] and cognitive behavioral therapy. [6] Different forms of treatment for children experiencing bereavement and or grief can help to reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, social adjustment, and posttraumatic stress. [4]
Suicide bereavement is the experience of those who are grieving the loss of someone to suicide. [1] Over 800,000 individuals die by suicide every year.
In psychology, meaning-making is the process of how people construe, understand, or make sense of life events, relationships, and the self. [1] The term is widely used in constructivist approaches to counseling psychology and psychotherapy, [2] especially during bereavement in which people attribute some sort of meaning to an experienced death ...