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Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), sometimes referred to as necine bases, are a group of naturally occurring alkaloids based on the structure of pyrrolizidine. Their use dates back centuries and is intertwined with the discovery, understanding, and eventual recognition of their toxicity on humans and animals.
[1] [2] Pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis is known by many other names such as "Pictou Disease" in Canada [3] and "Winton Disease" in New Zealand. [4] Cereal crops and forage crops can sometimes become polluted with pyrrolizidine-containing seeds, resulting in the alkaloids contaminating flour and other foods, including milk from cows feeding on these ...
Pyrrolizidine is a heterocyclic organic compound. Formally, it is a saturated derivative of pyrrolizine. Pyrrolizidine forms the central chemical structure of a variety of alkaloids known collectively as pyrrolizidine alkaloids. [1] It is one of five classes of iminosugars. These are often synthesized from a carbohydrate. [2]
Riddelliine is a naturally occurring pyrrolizidine alkaloid, a class of compounds occurring in rangeland plants of the genera Crotalaria, Amsinckia, and Senecio. [5] It consists of a macrocyclic diester of retronecine (an unsaturated alcohol) and riddelliic acid (an oxygenated, branched, dicarboxylic acid). [5]
About Wikipedia; Contact us; Contribute Help; Learn to edit; ... Pages in category "Pyrrolizidine alkaloids" The following 12 pages are in this category, out of 12 total.
Amabiline is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid first isolated in 1967 from Cynoglossum amabile. [1] It is also found in the seeds and flowers of borage (Borago officinalis) [2] and in borage seed oil. [3] [4] Chemically, it is the ester derived from viridifloric acid and supinidine. [5]
Retronecine is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid found in a variety of plants in the genera Senecio and Crotalaria, and the family Boraginaceae. It is the most common central core for other pyrrolizidine alkaloids. [1]
Among the most important representatives of the pyrrolidine alkaloids are hygrin and cuscohygrin. [2] Another representative is the (-)-codonopsinine. [3] Furthermore, ruspolinone, norruspolinone and norruspoline also belong to this alkaloid group. [4]