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Torticollis is a fixed or dynamic tilt, rotation, with flexion or extension of the head and/or neck. The type of torticollis can be described depending on the positions of the head and neck. [1] [3] [4] laterocollis: the head is tipped toward the shoulder; rotational torticollis: the head rotates along the longitudinal axis towards the shoulder [5]
In the past, dopamine blocking agents have been used in the treatment of spasmodic torticollis. Treatment was based on the theory that there is an imbalance of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the basal ganglia. These drugs have fallen out of fashion due to various serious side effects: sedation, parkinsonism, and tardive dyskinesia. [16]
Benign paroxysmal torticollis disappears in the early years of life with no medical intervention. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] However, some cases of benign paroxysmal torticollis cases can evolve into benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood , migrainous vertigo or typical migraines .
Inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs), sometimes called Idiopathic (IIDDs) due to the unknown etiology of some of them, are a heterogenous group of demyelinating diseases - conditions that cause damage to myelin, the protective sheath of nerve fibers - that occur against the background of an acute or chronic inflammatory process.
Conservative (i.e. no treatment), or surgical excision. With surgical excision, recurrence is common, usually due to incomplete excision. Often, the tracts of the cyst will pass near important structures, such as the internal jugular vein, carotid artery, or facial nerve, making complete excision impractical due to the high risk of complications.
The appropriate treatment depends on accurate diagnosis of the cause. Some tremors respond to treatment of the underlying condition. For example, in some cases of psychogenic tremor, treating the patient's underlying psychological problem may cause the tremor to disappear. A few medications can help relieve symptoms temporarily. [citation needed]
Symptoms of RSP will lead to upper back stiffness, neck stiffness and shoulder stiffness. [1] It can be diagnosed by several tests, including physical tests [5] and imaging tests. [5] To prevent RSP from worsening, maintaining a proper posture, [citation needed] doing regular exercise, [6] and undergoing therapeutic treatments [7] could be ...
Spasmodic torticollis: 333.83 G24.3 Idiopathic orofacial dystonia: G24.4 Blepharospasm: 333.81 G24.5 Other dystonias G24.8 Other extrapyramidal movement disorders G25 Essential tremor: 333.1 G25.0 Drug induced tremor G25.1 Other specified form of tremor G25.2 Myoclonus: 333.2 G25.3 Chorea (rapid, involuntary movement) Drug induced chorea: G25.4