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Costochondritis, also known as chest wall pain syndrome or costosternal syndrome, is a benign inflammation of the upper costochondral (rib to cartilage) and sternocostal (cartilage to sternum) joints. 90% of patients are affected in multiple ribs on a single side, typically at the 2nd to 5th ribs. [1]
Chest pain is pain or discomfort in the chest, typically the front of the chest. [1] It may be described as sharp, dull, pressure, heaviness or squeezing. [ 3 ] Associated symptoms may include pain in the shoulder, arm, upper abdomen , or jaw, along with nausea , sweating, or shortness of breath .
Coronary steal is also the mechanism in most drug-based cardiac stress tests; When a patient is incapable of doing physical activity they are given a vasodilator that produces a "cardiac steal syndrome" as a diagnostic procedure. The test result is positive if the patient's symptoms reappear or if ECG alterations are seen. [citation needed]
Chest pain that gets worse when you inhale deeply is called "pleuritic pain," Martin explains. Pericarditis can cause pleuritic pain, but this type of discomfort is typically related to lung ...
Pain, cough, and fever ensue—and so does a sharp or stabbing chest pain that’s worse with deep breathing or coughing, particularly if the left lung is infected. A pulmonary embolism is a blood ...
A variety of laboratory tests may be ordered. An important laboratory test to determine if myocardial damage has occurred is a cardiac troponin value. [20] A medical history will be taken, including queries about past incidence of chest pain or shortness of breath. The duration and frequency of symptoms will be noted as will any measures taken ...
Heart-type fatty acid binding protein is another marker, used in some home test kits. Elevated troponins in the setting of chest pain may accurately predict a high likelihood of a myocardial infarction in the near future. [15] New markers such as glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB are under investigation. [16]
The chest pain experienced, also known as cardiospasm and non-cardiac chest pain can often be mistaken for a heart attack. It can be extremely painful in some patients. Food and liquid, including saliva, are retained in the esophagus and may be inhaled into the lungs . Untreated, mid-stage achalasia can fully obstruct the passage of almost any ...