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Tax deduction at source (TDS) has come into existence with the motive of collecting tax from different sources of income. As per this concept, a person (Payer) who is responsible to make payment of specified nature to any other person (Payee) shall deduct tax at source before making payment to such person (Payee) and remit the same into the account of the Central Government.
Typically, withholding is required to be done by the employer of someone else, taking the tax payment funds out of the employee or contractor's salary or wages. The withheld taxes are then paid by the employer to the government body that requires payment, and applied to the account of the employee, if applicable.
Only an employer with a TAN (Tax Deduction Account Number) is eligible to deduct TDS, and therefore issue a Form 16; If TDS is not deducted the employer is not under obligation to issue a Form 16 to the employee; If TDS is deducted, the responsibility to issue the Form 16 to the employee lies with the employer
Employers are entitled to rely on employee declarations on Form W-4 unless they know they are wrong. Social Security tax is withheld from wages [9] at a flat rate of 6.2% (4.2% for 2011 and 2012 [10]). Wages paid above a fixed amount each year by any one employee are not subject to Social Security tax. For 2023, this wage maximum is $160,200. [11]
In India, a Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number (TAN) is a 10 digit alpha-numeric number issued by the Income Tax Department to the persons who are required to deduct or collect tax on payments made by them under the Indian Income Tax Act, 1961.
80U – Certified-disability deduction (₹ 75,000; ₹ 125,000 for a severe disability) §87A – Rebate (up to ₹ 12,500) for individuals with income up to ₹ 5,00,000; 80RRB – Certified royalties on a patent registered on or after 1 April 2003, up to ₹ 300,000 §80QQB – Certified book royalties (except textbooks), up to ₹ 300,000
The tax is paid by employers based on the total remuneration (salary and benefits) paid to all employees, at a standard rate of 14% (though, under certain circumstances, can be as low as 4.75%). Employers are allowed to deduct a small percentage of an employee's pay (around 4%). [7] Another tax, social insurance, is withheld by the employer.
Income taxes of workers are often collected by employers under a withholding or pay-as-you-earn tax system. Such collections are not necessarily final amounts of tax, as the worker may be required to aggregate wage income with other income and/or deductions to determine actual tax.