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A punctal plug, also known as tear duct plug or lacrimal plug, is a small medical device that is inserted into the tear duct (puncta) of an eye to block the duct. This prevents the drainage of liquid from the eye. They are used to treat dry eye. Artificial tears are usually still required after punctal plug insertion. [1]
A punctal plug may be inserted into the tear duct by an optometrist or ophthalmologist, decreasing the removal of natural tears from the affected eye. [8] The use of contact lenses may help prevent the abrasion during blinking lifting off the surface layer and uses thin lenses that are gas permeable to minimise reduced oxygenation.
Treatments include artificial tears, prescription tears, and punctal occlusion. Punctal occlusion is accomplished by placing a collagen or silicone plug in the tear duct, which normally drains fluid from the eye. Some patients complain of ongoing dry-eye symptoms despite such treatments and the symptoms may be permanent.
Nettleship's punctum dilator: to dilate the lacrimal punctum of the lacrimal apparatus of the eye for syringing or operations Cystotome: a 26 gauge needle bent twice used for incising the anterior capsule of the lens in lens extraction Wire vectis: a loop of wire attached to a stack used to extract cataract affected lenses Irrigating vectis
Punctal plugs are inserted into the puncta to block tear drainage. [4] It is not clear if punctal plugs are effective at reducing dry eye syndrome symptoms. [ 60 ] Punctal plugs are thought to be "relatively safe", however, their use may result in epiphora (watery eyes), and more rarely, serious infection and swelling of the tear sac where the ...
Punctoplasty is a surgical procedure to restore proper drainage of tears [1] when the lacrimal punctum (puncta lacrimalia) becomes blocked in one or both eyes.. If a blockage is present in the puncta, doctors may suggest a procedure called punctoplasty, performed to widen the drain opening.
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