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Refusenik (Russian: отказник, romanized: otkaznik, from отказ (otkaz) 'refusal'; alternatively spelled refusnik) was an unofficial term for individuals—typically, but not exclusively, Soviet Jews—who were denied permission to emigrate, primarily to Israel, by the authorities of the Soviet Union and other countries of the Soviet ...
The Soviet Jewry movement was an international human rights campaign that advocated for the right of Jews in the Soviet Union to emigrate. The movement's participants were most active in the United States and in the Soviet Union. Those who were denied permission to emigrate were often referred to by the term Refusenik.
This category includes Refuseniks, i.e. people who were initially denied permission to emigrate abroad by the authorities of the former Soviet Union and countries of Eastern Bloc. In practice, the majority of Refuseniks were people of Jewish background trying to emigrate to Israel.
Soviet and communist studies, or simply Soviet studies, is the field of regional and historical studies on the Soviet Union and other communist states, as well as the history of communism and of the communist parties that existed or still exist in some form in many countries, both inside and outside the former Eastern Bloc, such as the Communist Party USA. [1]
Soviet anti-Zionism is an anti-Zionist and pro-Arab doctrine promulgated in the Soviet Union during the Cold War.While the Soviet Union initially pursued a pro-Zionist policy after World War II due to its perception that the Jewish state would be socialist and pro-Soviet, its outlook on the Arab–Israeli conflict changed as Israel began to develop a close relationship with the United States ...
He continued to struggle to improve the life of Soviet Jews and also continued his scientific work in Tel Aviv University in the fields of quantum electronics, lasers and condensed matter. [ 8 ] Starting from 1998 his field of interest moved to the philosophy of science and Judaism and the interrelation between them.
Yosef Mendelevitch Yosef Mendelevitch with President Reagan, Vice President Bush and Avital Sharansky in the White House, May 28, 1981.. Yosef Mendelevitch (or Mendelovitch) (Hebrew: 'יוסף מנדלביץ; born 1947 in Riga) is a refusenik from the former Soviet Union, also known as a "Prisoner of Zion" and now a politically unaffiliated rabbi [1] [2] living in Jerusalem who gained fame for ...
Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn [a] [b] ⓘ (11 December 1918 – 3 August 2008) [6] [7] was a Soviet and Russian author and dissident who helped to raise global awareness of political repression in the Soviet Union, especially the Gulag prison system.