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Kublai Khan [b] [c] (23 September 1215 – 18 February 1294), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Shizu of Yuan and his regnal name Setsen Khan, was the founder and first emperor of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China. He proclaimed the dynastic name "Great Yuan" [d] in 1271, and ruled Yuan China until his death in 1294.
Sorghaghtani was the daughter of Jakha Gambhu, the younger brother of the powerful Keraite leader Toghrul, also known as Ong Khan.According to the Secret History of the Mongols, around 1203, when Toghrul was a more powerful leader than Temüjin, Temüjin proposed to Toghrul that Temüjin's eldest son Jochi might marry Toghrul's daughter or granddaughter, thus binding the two groups.
Kublai Khan learns of betrayal by his brother Ariq of Karakorum during the siege of the farming city of WuChang. Kublai battles his warmonger brother for rule over Mongolia. As the two great mongol armies are arrayed against each other, Kublai and Ariq face off mano-a-mano. Marco learns that justice in Khan's Imperial City is swift as it is deadly.
Tuq Tuqa's successes are credited with discouraging Kaidu from trying to take advantage of Kublai's death in 1294. The new great khan, Temür, Öljeitü Khan (1294–1307), abandoned Kublai's distracting ambitions towards Japan and Southeast Asia, and was therefore able to devote more substantial military forces to the campaign against Kaidu. [20]
Kublai Khan, Genghis Khan's grandson and founder of the Yuan dynasty. Instability troubled the early years of Kublai Khan's reign. Li Tan, the son-in-law of a powerful official, instigated a revolt against Mongol rule in 1262. After successfully suppressing the revolt, Kublai curbed the influence of the Han Chinese advisers in his court. [29]
Regent of the Mongol Empire until her death in 1251. Möngke Khan: July 1, 1251 - August 11, 1259 The fourth Khan of the Mongol Empire. Ariq Böke: August 11, 1259 - August 12, 1264 Claimed the title of Great Khan and fought against Kublai in the Toluid Civil War. Kublai Khan: December 18, 1271 - February 18, 1294 The first emperor of the Yuan ...
Han Chinese and Khitan soldiers defected en masse to Genghis Khan against the Jurchen Jin dynasty. [63] Towns which surrendered were spared from sacking and massacre by Kublai Khan. [64] The Khitan reluctantly left their homeland in Manchuria as the Jin moved their primary capital from Beijing south to Kaifeng and defected to the Mongols. [65]
The ordinary people experienced hardships during the Yuan dynasty. Hence, Mongol warriors rebelled against Kublai in 1289. Kublai died in 1294 and was succeeded by Temür (Emperor Chengzong), who continued the fight against Kaidu, which lasted until Kaidu's death in 1301. Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan came to power in 1312.