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Receives the special sense of taste from the epiglottis. A major function: controls muscles for voice and resonance and the soft palate. Symptoms of damage: dysphagia (swallowing problems), velopharyngeal insufficiency. This nerve is involved (together with nerve IX) in the pharyngeal reflex or gag reflex. XI Accessory
Cross-section of lower pons, axons shown in blue, grey matter in light grey. Anterior is down and posterior is up. A number of cranial nerve nuclei are present in the pons: mid-pons: the principal sensory nucleus of the trigeminal nerve (V) mid-pons: the motor nucleus for the trigeminal nerve (V) lower down in the pons: abducens nucleus (VI)
Cranial nerves are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (including the brainstem), of which there are conventionally considered twelve pairs.Cranial nerves relay information between the brain and parts of the body, primarily to and from regions of the head and neck, including the special senses of vision, taste, smell, and hearing.
It is situated in the pons adjacent to the abducens nucleus. [2] It projects to the ipsilateral abducens (cranial nerve VI) nucleus, and contralateral oculomotor (cranial nerve III) nucleus [note 1] to mediate conjugate horizontal gaze and saccades.
Pontocerebellar fibers are the sole efferent pathway of the pontine nuclei. The fibers mostly decussate within the pons to pass through the (contralateral) middle cerebellar peduncle to terminate in the contralateral cerebellum as mossy fibers; they form terminal synapses in the cerebellar cortex, but also issue collaterals to the cerebellar nuclei.
Pontine cranial nerve nuclei. Chief or pontine nucleus of the trigeminal nerve sensory nucleus (V) Motor nucleus for the trigeminal nerve (V) Abducens nucleus (VI) Facial nerve nucleus (VII) Vestibulocochlear nuclei (vestibular nuclei and cochlear nuclei) (VIII) Superior salivatory nucleus; Pontine tegmentum. Pontine micturition center ...
The pontine tegmentum, or dorsal pons, is the dorsal part of the pons located within the brainstem. The ventral part or ventral pons is known as the basilar part of the pons, or basilar pons. Along with the dorsal surface of the medulla oblongata, it forms part of the rhomboid fossa – the floor of the fourth ventricle.
Olfactory nerve (cranial nerve 1) – smell; Optic nerve (cranial nerve 2) – sight; Oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve 3) – eye movement (except rotation) Trochlear nerve (cranial nerve 4) – eye rotation; Trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve 5) – sensation from the face and certain motor functions such as biting and chewing