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  2. Pythagorean means - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_means

    Nomograms to graphically calculate arithmetic (1), geometric (2) and harmonic (3) means, z of x=40 and y=10 (red), and x=45 and y=5 (blue) Of all pairs of different natural numbers of the form ( a , b ) such that a < b , the smallest (as defined by least value of a + b ) for which the arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means are all also ...

  3. Two's complement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two's_complement

    Two's complement is the most common method of representing signed (positive, negative, and zero) integers on computers, [1] and more generally, fixed point binary values. Two's complement uses the binary digit with the greatest value as the sign to indicate whether the binary number is positive or negative; when the most significant bit is 1 the number is signed as negative and when the most ...

  4. Significant figures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Significant_figures

    If it is the rough estimation, then only the first three non-zero digits are significant since the trailing zeros are neither reliable nor necessary; 45600 m can be expressed as 45.6 km or as 4.56 × 10 4 m in scientific notation, and neither expression requires the trailing zeros. An exact number has an infinite number of significant figures.

  5. Mean of a function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_of_a_function

    In calculus, and especially multivariable calculus, the mean of a function is loosely defined as the average value of the function over its domain. In one variable, the mean of a function f ( x ) over the interval ( a , b ) is defined by: [ 1 ]

  6. Average - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Average

    Average of chords. In ordinary language, an average is a single number or value that best represents a set of data. The type of average taken as most typically representative of a list of numbers is the arithmetic mean – the sum of the numbers divided by how many numbers are in the list.

  7. Root-finding algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root-finding_algorithm

    The number of required evaluations is at least ⁡ (/), where D is the length of the longest edge of the characteristic polyhedron. [8]: 11, Lemma.4.7 Note that Vrahatis and Iordanidis [8] prove a lower bound on the number of evaluations, and not an upper bound.

  8. Harmonic mean - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_mean

    As an example, if a gas-powered pump can drain a pool in 4 hours and a battery-powered pump can drain the same pool in 6 hours, then it will take both pumps ⁠ 6·4 / 6 + 4 ⁠, which is equal to 2.4 hours, to drain the pool together. This is one-half of the harmonic mean of 6 and 4: ⁠ 2·6·4 / 6 + 4 ⁠ = 4.8. That is, the appropriate ...

  9. Zero-based numbering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-based_numbering

    In mathematics, many sequences of numbers or of polynomials are indexed by nonnegative integers, for example, the Bernoulli numbers and the Bell numbers. In both mechanics and statistics , the zeroth moment is defined, representing total mass in the case of physical density , or total probability, i.e. one, for a probability distribution .