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Harvard researchers analyzed 30 years of data on over 106,000 participants from the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. The study included 70,467 women and 36,464 men.
By 2014 over 300 zinc-containing enzymes have been identified, as well as over 1000 zinc-containing transcription factors. [citation needed] Phytate was recognized as removing zinc from nutrients given to chicken and swine in 1960. That it can cause human zinc deficiency however was not recognized until Reinhold's work in Iran in the 1970s.
The age distribution showed that about 53% were younger than 40, 33% were between 40 and 50, and 14% were older than 50. ... Women who consumed over 14 milligrams (mg) of zinc daily appeared to ...
A few telltale signs of zinc deficiency include poor immune function, undesired weight loss, slow-healing wounds, hair loss, and loss of taste and smell, says Keaveney.
Maintaining this diet over a long period can result in dangerous deficiencies, a risk that many fruitarians try to ward off through nutritional testing and vitamin injections. [17] The Health Promotion Program at Columbia University reports that a fruitarian diet can cause deficiencies in calcium , protein , iron , zinc , vitamin D , most B ...
Depending on the amount of zinc in the diet (low, moderate, high), the German Nutrition Society (DGE) has established three different reference values for intake of zinc. [ 117 ] [ 118 ] For diets that include mostly or exclusively plant-based protein sources the DGE recommends 16mg of zinc per day for men and 10mg of zinc per day for women.
Ahmad and his colleagues focused on the 25,315 women who had both diet data and a host of biomedical measurements from when they entered the study. By November 2023, 3,879 of the women had died.
Malnutrition occurs when an organism gets too few or too many nutrients, resulting in health problems. [11] [12] Specifically, it is a deficiency, excess, or imbalance of energy, protein and other nutrients which adversely affects the body's tissues and form.