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In the context of proofs, this phrase is often seen in induction arguments when passing from the base case to the induction step, and similarly, in the definition of sequences whose first few terms are exhibited as examples of the formula giving every term of the sequence. necessary and sufficient
def – define or definition. deg – degree of a polynomial, or other recursively-defined objects such as well-formed formulas. (Also written as ∂.) del – del, a differential operator. (Also written as.) det – determinant of a matrix or linear transformation. DFT – discrete Fourier transform.
If the constant term is 0, then it will conventionally be omitted when the quadratic is written out. Any polynomial written in standard form has a unique constant term, which can be considered a coefficient of . In particular, the constant term will always be the lowest degree term of the polynomial. This also applies to multivariate polynomials.
A fraction that is reducible can be reduced by dividing both the numerator and denominator by a common factor. It can be fully reduced to lowest terms if both are divided by their greatest common divisor. [5] In order to find the greatest common divisor, the Euclidean algorithm or prime factorization can be used. The Euclidean algorithm is ...
In this tree, the lowest common ancestor of the nodes x and y is marked in dark green. Other common ancestors are shown in light green. In graph theory and computer science, the lowest common ancestor (LCA) (also called least common ancestor) of two nodes v and w in a tree or directed acyclic graph (DAG) T is the lowest (i.e. deepest) node that has both v and w as descendants, where we define ...
A multiple of a number is the product of that number and an integer. For example, 10 is a multiple of 5 because 5 × 2 = 10, so 10 is divisible by 5 and 2. Because 10 is the smallest positive integer that is divisible by both 5 and 2, it is the least common multiple of 5 and 2.
Example 3: In the fence < > < > < > …, all the are minimal and all are maximal, as shown in the image. Example 4: Let A be a set with at least two elements and let S = { { a } : a ∈ A } {\displaystyle S=\{\{a\}~:~a\in A\}} be the subset of the power set ℘ ( A ) {\displaystyle \wp (A)} consisting of singleton subsets , partially ordered by ...
For example, if a bounded differentiable function f defined on a closed interval in the real line has a single critical point, which is a local minimum, then it is also a global minimum (use the intermediate value theorem and Rolle's theorem to prove this by contradiction). In two and more dimensions, this argument fails.